[CI Skip] release/stable 9.7.1

skip-checks: true
9.7.1 (#1572 )
2022-07-01 14:45:17 +00:00 · 2022-07-01 17:40:21 +03:00 · 2022-06-30 11:38:33 +00:00 · 2022-06-30 14:35:05 +03:00 · 2022-06-28 07:56:25 +00:00 · 2022-06-28 10:52:57 +03:00
250 changed files with 7167 additions and 4703 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+9.7.1
@@ -27,4 +27,5 @@
 8.1.2
 8.2.2
 8.3.2
-8.3.3
+8.3.3
+9.6.2
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+<!--
+
+For general support, howto, coding and bundling questions, please use the Substrate & Polkadot StackExchange at https://substrate.stackexchange.com/ and get other ecosystem developers involved. This issues in this repository are meant for the tracking of feature requests and bug reports.
+
+While all issues are looked at non-bug and non-features would take quite a bit longer to get to and may yield less than satisfactory responses in this format.
+
+Additionally, please ensure you have done a search on the existing and closed issues before logging a new request. This saves time on all sides.
+
+-->
+
+
+* **I'm submitting a ...**
+
+<!--- Try and classify your actual report -->
+
+  - [ ] Bug report
+  - [ ] Feature request
+  - [ ] Support request (please bear the comments above in mind)
+  - [ ] Other
+
+
+* **What is the current behavior and expected behavior?**
+
+<!--- If you're describing a bug, tell us what should happen -->
+<!--- If you're suggesting a change/improvement, tell us how it should work -->
+
+
+* **What is the motivation for changing the behavior?**
+
+<!--- Not obligatory, but suggest a motivation for the request -->
+<!--- or ideas how to implement the addition or change -->
+
+
+* **Please tell us about your environment:**
+
+<!--- Include as many relevant details about the environment you experienced the issue in -->
+<!--- Also snsure that you have tested against the latest stable releases if a bug -->
+
+  - Version:
+  - Environment:
+
+    - [ ] Node.js
+    - [ ] Browser
+    - [ ] Other (limited support for other environments available)
+
+  - Language:
+
+    - [ ] JavaScript
+    - [ ] TypeScript
+    - [ ] Other
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
---
-title: SS58 registry is outdated
-labels: ['ci', '@networks']
---
-
-cc @polkadot-js/notifications
-
-Discrepancies detected between https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/blob/master/ss58-registry.json and https://github.com/polkadot-js/common/blob/master/packages/networks/src/substrate.ts
-
-Check the nightly cron output (or via `yarn networks:crosscheck` locally) and run `yarn networks:sync` to update. The output as found from the test includes:
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+name: bot
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types: [labeled]
+
+jobs:
+  approve:
+    if: "! startsWith(github.event.head_commit.message, '[CI Skip]') && (!github.event.pull_request || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository)"
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: jacogr/action-approve@master
+        with:
+          authors: jacogr
+          labels: -auto
+          token: ${{ secrets.GH_PAT_BOT }}
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+name: bot
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types: [labeled]
+
+jobs:
+  merge:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: jacogr/action-merge@master
+        with:
+          checks: build,lint,test
+          labels: -auto
+          strategy: squash
+          token: ${{ secrets.GH_PAT_BOT }}
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ on:
 jobs:
  lock:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      YARN_ENABLE_SCRIPTS: false
    steps:
      - uses: dessant/lock-threads@v2
        with:
@@ -8,11 +8,12 @@ jobs:
        step: ['lint', 'test', 'build']
    name: ${{ matrix.step }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      YARN_ENABLE_SCRIPTS: false
+      CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID: ${{ secrets.CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID }}
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
    - name: ${{ matrix.step }}
-      env:
-        CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID: ${{ secrets.CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID }}
      run: |
        yarn install --immutable | grep -v 'YN0013'
        yarn ${{ matrix.step }}
@@ -12,17 +12,18 @@ jobs:
        step: ['build:release']
    name: ${{ matrix.step }}
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      YARN_ENABLE_SCRIPTS: false
+      CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID: ${{ secrets.CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID }}
+      GH_PAT: ${{ secrets.GH_PAT }}
+      GH_RELEASE_GITHUB_API_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GH_PAT }}
+      NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      with:
        fetch-depth: 0
        token: ${{ secrets.GH_PAT }}
    - name: ${{ matrix.step }}
-      env:
-        CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID: ${{ secrets.CC_TEST_REPORTER_ID }}
-        GH_PAT: ${{ secrets.GH_PAT }}
-        GH_RELEASE_GITHUB_API_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GH_PAT }}
-        NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
      run: |
        yarn install --immutable | grep -v 'YN0013'
        yarn ${{ matrix.step }}
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ jobs:
  check:
    if: "! startsWith(github.event.head_commit.message, '[CI Skip]') && (!github.event.pull_request || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository)"
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      YARN_ENABLE_SCRIPTS: false
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - uses: returntocorp/semgrep-action@v1
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-name: SS58
-on:
-  schedule:
-    - cron:  '15 4/6 * * *'
-
-jobs:
-  ss58:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-    - name: check
-      env:
-        CI_LOG: 123
-      run: |
-        yarn install --immutable | grep -v 'YN0013'
-        yarn build
-        yarn networks:crosscheck
-
-    - name: issue
-      if: ${{ failure() }}
-      uses: JasonEtco/create-an-issue@v2
-      env:
-        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GH_PAT_BOT }}
-      with:
-        filename: .github/ss58-check.md
-        update_existing: true
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ on:
 jobs:
  stale:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      YARN_ENABLE_SCRIPTS: false
    steps:
      - uses: actions/stale@v3
        with:
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 --test-*
 _book/
 build/
+build-cjs/
+build-esm/
+build-deno/
 build-docs/
 coverage/
 docs/.vuepress/dist/
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ plugins:
  - path: .yarn/plugins/@yarnpkg/plugin-version.cjs
    spec: "@yarnpkg/plugin-version"

-yarnPath: .yarn/releases/yarn-3.1.1.cjs
+yarnPath: .yarn/releases/yarn-3.2.0.cjs
@@ -1,5 +1,164 @@
 # CHANGELOG

+## 9.7.1 Jul 1, 2022
+
+Changes:
+
+- Update signatures where `readonly` arrays are used
+- Upgrade dependencies to latest stable versions
+- Upgrade to `@polkadot/wasm-crypto` 6.2.1
+
+
+## 9.6.2 Jun 25, 2022
+
+Changes:
+
+- Fix `hexToU8a` where `0x` is not correctly converted
+
+
+## 9.6.1 Jun 23, 2022
+
+Changes:
+
+- Add `floatToU8a` and `u8aToFloat` (both 32 & 64-bit, le & be)
+- Adjust `isUndefined` check (local variable available)
+- Adjust use of `assert`, `isUndefined` & `isNull`
+
+
+## 9.5.1 Jun 18, 2022
+
+Contributed:
+
+- Update Bifrost genesisHash (Thanks to https://github.com/awesomepan)
+- Add Ledger support for Composable (Thanks to https://github.com/carlosala)
+
+Changes:
+
+- Add `u8aToNumber` (limited, <= 48 bits) function
+- Use `~~` as bitwise/faster `Math.floor` replacement
+- Remove unneeded `objectSpread` option expansions
+- Optimize `hexToU8a` operations
+- Optimize `stringCamelCase` operations
+- Optimize `u8aToBn` operations
+- Additional internal/external comments (as missing)
+- Upgrade dependencies to latest stable versions
+
+
+## 9.4.1 Jun 4, 2022
+
+Changes:
+
+- Add `nextTick` to `@polkadot/util` to defer execution to the queue
+- Upgrade dependencies to latest stable versions
+
+
+## 9.3.1 May 29, 2022
+
+Contributed:
+
+- Add Ledger support for Parallel (Thanks to https://github.com/carlosala)
+- Add Ledger support for Astar & Polkadex (Thanks to https://github.com/carlosala)
+
+Changes:
+
+- Adjust `u8aToU8a` checks with better `isU8a` shortcut
+- Adjust compact conversion with unrolled loops
+- Adjust `string{Camel, Pascal}Case` with loop (no map)
+- Add `compactFromU8aLim` variant with Uint8Array-only inputs
+- Add `u8aConcatStrict` variant with Uint8Array-only inputs
+- Internal code maintainability enhancements
+- Upgrade dependencies to latest stable versions
+
+
+## 9.2.1 May 13, 2022
+
+Contributed:
+
+- Add Ledger support for Acala (Thanks to https://github.com/ntduan)
+
+Changes:
+
+- Optimize `u8aToHex` with direct (non-hex) conversion
+- Change all occurences of `.substr(...)` to `.substring(...)`
+- Sync with upstream Substrate ss58 registry
+- Mark deprecated function signatures (no removals)
+- Re-enable auto init of `cryptoWaitReady()`
+- Upgrade to `@polkadot/wasm-crypto` 6.1.1
+
+
+## 9.1.1 Apr 30, 2022
+
+Contributed:
+
+- Add Ledger support for Statemint (Thanks to https://github.com/carlosala)
+- Add Ledger support for xxnetwork (Thanks to https://github.com/xx-labs)
+
+Changes:
+
+- Adjust/dedupe output from `detectPackage`
+- Adjust `isHex` performance test
+- Add field-level comments to some `*Options` structures
+- Add new Rococo genesisHash (reset)
+
+
+## 9.0.1 Apr 9, 2022
+
+- **Breaking change** In this major version the commonjs outputs are moved to a sub-folder. Since the export map and main field in package.json does reflect this change, there should be no usage changes. However the packages here will all need to be on the same version for internal linkage.
+
+Changes:
+
+- Be explicit in `@polkadot/util-crypto` re-exports from `@polkadot/networks`
+- Output commonjs files under the `cjs/**` root
+- Upgrade to `@polkadot/wasm-crypto` 6.0.1
+
+
+## 8.7.1 Mar 27, 2022
+
+Changes:
+
+- Fix race-condition with wasm overrides, make `cryptoWaitReady` lazy
+- Additional tests for `BN` & `BigInt` negative conversions
+- Upgrade to `@polkadot/wasm-crypto` 5.1.1
+
+
+## 8.6.1 Mar 19, 2022
+
+**Important** This contains an upgraded version of `@polkadot/wasm-crypto`. For users of asm.js, e.g. React Native, there are some additional upgrade instructions in the release notes for this version https://github.com/polkadot-js/wasm/releases/tag/v5.0.1
+
+Contributed:
+
+- Add aditional Dock mainnet genesis (Thanks to https://github.com/lovesh)
+- Add Westend genesis (Thanks to https://github.com/Nick-1979)
+- Update README with ss58 links (Thanks to https://github.com/Nick-197)
+
+Changes:
+
+- Ensure invalid secp256k1 publicKeys are not returned
+- Cater for Expo v41+ in RN random value generation
+- Fixed for RN environment imports
+- Internal split of details in `@polkadot/networks`
+- Additional workaround for Vite bundling
+- Upgrade to `@polkadot/wasm-crypto` 5.0.1
+
+
+## 8.5.1 Mar 12, 2022
+
+Changes:
+
+- Adjust for bundlers where `import.meta.url` is undefined
+- Upgrade dependencies to latest stable versions
+
+
+## 8.4.1 Feb 14, 2022
+
+Changes:
+
+- Use upstream `@substrate/ss58-registry` (instead of duplicating here)
+- Swap `micro-base` to `@scure/base` (same package, audited)
+- Bump `bn.js` library to latest 5.2.0 (has impact on e.g. API)
+- Upgrade dependencies to latest stable versions
+
+
 ## 8.3.3 Jan 23, 2022

 Changes:
@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
-    1246	Jaco                          	8.3.3 (#1390)
+    1391	Jaco                          	9.7.1 (#1572)
       9	Antoine Estienne              	Add eth uri keyring test (#1291)
       6	Amaury Martiny                	Add tests from Rust (#283)
       5	kwingram25                    	Add BN consts and timeToString (#610)
       4	Adam Dossa                    	Update Polymesh Genesis Hash (#1193)
-       3	Jakub Pánik                   	HydraDX Snakenet Gen3-1 (#977)
+       4	Carlo Sala                    	add Composable support for ledger (#1515)
+       4	Jakub Pánik                   	Add basilisk 🐍 (#1396)
       3	Luke Schoen                   	docs: Fix example in readme since we use default imports (#243)
+       3	pan                           	update bifrost genesis hash (#1521)
       2	AndreasGassmann               	feat(dependencies): remove moment.js (#530)
       2	Gav Wood                      	Fix stake:unstake (#182)
       2	Hyungsuk Kang                 	Add cross client Encryption/Decryption (#496)
       2	Jared Norris                  	Add Sora network (#1306)
+       2	Kami                          	Adding Westend genesis. (#1429)
+       2	Lovesh Harchandani            	Update genesis hash of Dock mainnet (#1436)
       2	Nantian                       	fix bigint type (#1079)
-       2	pan                           	add bifrost (#1296)
       2	Stefanie Doll                 	Add missing dependencies to util-crypto (#424)
       1	Agustinus Theodorus           	docs: fix typo in naclSeal docs. (#1005)
       1	Alexander Krupenkin           	Added ECDSA keypair support (#589)
@@ -21,16 +24,17 @@
       1	Eliott Teissonniere           	add nodle ledger specs (#1089)
       1	h4x3rotab                     	Throws an error when signing with a locked keypair (#578)
       1	Harry Liu                     	Update README.md (#446)
+       1	Hoon Kim                      	replace plasm genesis with astar (#1397)
       1	Hussein Ait-Lahcen            	Add Picasso Genesis Hash (#1261)
       1	Igor                          	Support genshiro network (#1148)
       1	Jake Naviasky                 	Add evmToAddress and addressToEvm crypto utils. (#705)
       1	JesseAbram                    	added check if valid address to docs (#440)
       1	joe petrowski                 	Add example for multisig address creation (#590)
       1	Lezek123                      	logger - wildcard include/exclude with DEBUG env (#932)
-       1	Lovesh Harchandani            	Add Dock network id for address generation (#640)
       1	Mario Neises                  	remove redudant export (#257)
       1	Miguel Hervas                 	Add CFG Ledger Support (#1057)
       1	nahuseyoum                    	Reserving 65 for Aventus based on the new extended range (#871)
+       1	Nantian                       	add acala ledger config (#1485)
       1	qwer951123                    	Add acala genesis (#1161)
       1	Raoul Millais                 	Fix yarn add instructions in x-global README (#873)
       1	Raymond Zhong                 	Add Edgeware ledger app (#1006)
@@ -42,4 +46,5 @@
       1	Tore19                        	Add stafi genesis hash (#1096)
       1	Wei Tang                      	ss58: add Kulupu prefix to the list (#595)
       1	WoeOm                         	Handing high precision scenes (#450)
+       1	xx network                    	Add xxnetwork genesis hash and ledger app (#1463)
       1	Yuri                          	Extra check for process for browser bundles (#923)
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@
  "author": "Jaco Greeff <jacogr@gmail.com>",
  "bugs": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/common/issues",
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/common#readme",
-  "license": "Apache-2",
-  "packageManager": "yarn@3.0.1",
+  "license": "Apache-2.0",
+  "packageManager": "yarn@3.2.0",
  "private": true,
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/common.git"
  },
  "sideEffects": false,
-  "version": "8.3.3",
+  "version": "9.7.1",
  "workspaces": [
    "packages/*"
  ],
@@ -21,18 +21,17 @@
    "clean": "polkadot-dev-clean-build",
    "lint": "polkadot-dev-run-lint",
    "networks:crosscheck": "polkadot-dev-run-test packages/networks/src/crosscheck",
-    "networks:sync": "yarn build && node packages/networks/scripts/fromSubstrate.mjs",
    "postinstall": "polkadot-dev-yarn-only",
    "test": "polkadot-dev-run-test --coverage --runInBand --testPathIgnorePatterns crosscheck --testPathIgnorePatterns toMiniSecretCmp",
    "test:mnemonicCmp": "polkadot-dev-run-test packages/util-crypto/src/mnemonic/toMiniSecretCmp.spec.ts",
    "test:one": "polkadot-dev-run-test --runInBand"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@babel/core": "^7.16.12",
-    "@polkadot/dev": "^0.65.43",
-    "@types/jest": "^27.4.0"
+    "@babel/core": "^7.18.6",
+    "@polkadot/dev": "^0.67.46",
+    "@types/jest": "^28.1.4"
  },
  "resolutions": {
-    "typescript": "^4.5.5"
+    "typescript": "^4.7.4"
  }
 }
@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@
  },
  "sideEffects": false,
  "type": "module",
-  "version": "8.3.3",
+  "version": "9.7.1",
  "browser": "browser.js",
  "main": "node.js",
  "react-native": "react-native.js",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.16.7",
-    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport": "^6.20.0",
-    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport-webhid": "^6.20.0",
-    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport-webusb": "^6.20.0",
-    "@polkadot/util": "8.3.3"
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.18.6",
+    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport": "^6.27.1",
+    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport-webhid": "^6.27.1",
+    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport-webusb": "^6.27.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "9.7.1"
  },
  "optionalDependencies": {
-    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport-node-hid-singleton": "^6.23.1"
+    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport-node-hid-singleton": "^6.27.1"
  }
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/hw-ledger authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import type { TransportDef } from './types';
+
+export { packageInfo } from './packageInfo';
+
+export const transports: TransportDef[] = [];
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/hw-ledger authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+export * from './empty';
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@

 // Do not edit, auto-generated by @polkadot/dev

-export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/hw-ledger-transports', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '8.3.3' };
+export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/hw-ledger-transports', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '9.7.1' };
@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/hw-ledger authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import type { TransportDef } from './types';
-
-export { packageInfo } from './packageInfo';
-
-export const transports: TransportDef[] = [];
+export * from './empty';
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@
    "./detectPackage.cjs"
  ],
  "type": "module",
-  "version": "8.3.3",
+  "version": "9.7.1",
  "main": "index.js",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.16.7",
-    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport": "^6.20.0",
-    "@polkadot/hw-ledger-transports": "8.3.3",
-    "@polkadot/util": "8.3.3",
-    "@zondax/ledger-substrate": "^0.24.0"
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.18.6",
+    "@ledgerhq/hw-transport": "^6.27.1",
+    "@polkadot/hw-ledger-transports": "9.7.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "9.7.1",
+    "@zondax/ledger-substrate": "^0.31.0"
  }
 }
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import type { ResponseBase, SubstrateApp } from '@zondax/ledger-substrate';
 import type { AccountOptions, LedgerAddress, LedgerSignature, LedgerTypes, LedgerVersion } from './types';

 import { transports } from '@polkadot/hw-ledger-transports';
-import { assert, u8aToBuffer } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { u8aToBuffer } from '@polkadot/util';

 import { LEDGER_DEFAULT_ACCOUNT, LEDGER_DEFAULT_CHANGE, LEDGER_DEFAULT_INDEX, LEDGER_SUCCESS_CODE } from './constants';
 import { ledgerApps } from './defaults';
@@ -26,8 +26,11 @@ export class Ledger {

  constructor (transport: LedgerTypes, chain: Chain) {
    // u2f is deprecated
-    assert(['hid', 'webusb'].includes(transport), () => `Unsupported transport ${transport}`);
-    assert(Object.keys(ledgerApps).includes(chain), () => `Unsupported chain ${chain}`);
+    if (!['hid', 'webusb'].includes(transport)) {
+      throw new Error(`Unsupported transport ${transport}`);
+    } else if (!Object.keys(ledgerApps).includes(chain)) {
+      throw new Error(`Unsupported chain ${chain}`);
+    }

    this.#chain = chain;
    this.#transport = transport;
@@ -71,7 +74,9 @@ export class Ledger {
    if (!this.#app) {
      const def = transports.find(({ type }) => type === this.#transport);

-      assert(def, () => `Unable to find a transport for ${this.#transport}`);
+      if (!def) {
+        throw new Error(`Unable to find a transport for ${this.#transport}`);
+      }

      const transport = await def.create();

@@ -96,7 +101,9 @@ export class Ledger {
  #wrapError = async <T extends ResponseBase> (promise: Promise<T>): Promise<T> => {
    const result = await promise;

-    assert(result.return_code === LEDGER_SUCCESS_CODE, () => result.error_message);
+    if (result.return_code !== LEDGER_SUCCESS_CODE) {
+      throw new Error(result.error_message);
+    }

    return result;
  };
@@ -4,20 +4,28 @@
 import type Transport from '@ledgerhq/hw-transport';
 import type { SubstrateApp } from '@zondax/ledger-substrate';

-import { newBifrostApp, newCentrifugeApp, newDockApp, newEdgewareApp, newEquilibriumApp, newGenshiroApp, newKusamaApp, newNodleApp, newPolkadotApp, newPolymeshApp, newSoraApp, newStatemineApp } from '@zondax/ledger-substrate';
+import { newAcalaApp, newAstarApp, newBifrostApp, newCentrifugeApp, newComposableApp, newDockApp, newEdgewareApp, newEquilibriumApp, newGenshiroApp, newKaruraApp, newKusamaApp, newNodleApp, newParallelApp, newPolkadexApp, newPolkadotApp, newPolymeshApp, newSoraApp, newStatemineApp, newStatemintApp, newXXNetworkApp } from '@zondax/ledger-substrate';

-// These match up with the keys of the knownLedger object in the @polkadot/networks/defaults.ts
+// These match up with the keys of the knownLedger object in the @polkadot/networks/defaults/ledger.ts
 export const ledgerApps: Record<string, (transport: Transport) => SubstrateApp> = {
+  acala: newAcalaApp,
+  astar: newAstarApp,
  bifrost: newBifrostApp,
  centrifuge: newCentrifugeApp,
+  composable: newComposableApp,
  'dock-mainnet': newDockApp,
  edgeware: newEdgewareApp,
  equilibrium: newEquilibriumApp,
  genshiro: newGenshiroApp,
+  karura: newKaruraApp,
  kusama: newKusamaApp,
-  'nodle-chain': newNodleApp,
+  'nodle-para': newNodleApp,
+  parallel: newParallelApp,
+  polkadex: newPolkadexApp,
  polkadot: newPolkadotApp,
  polymesh: newPolymeshApp,
  sora: newSoraApp,
-  statemine: newStatemineApp
+  statemine: newStatemineApp,
+  statemint: newStatemintApp,
+  xxnetwork: newXXNetworkApp
 };
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/hw-ledger authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+export * from './index';
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@

 // Do not edit, auto-generated by @polkadot/dev

-export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/hw-ledger', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '8.3.3' };
+export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/hw-ledger', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '9.7.1' };
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ export interface AccountOptions {

 export interface LedgerAddress {
  address: string;
-  publicKey: string;
+  publicKey: HexString;
 }

 export interface LedgerSignature {
@@ -23,5 +23,8 @@ export interface LedgerSignature {
 export interface LedgerVersion {
  isLocked: boolean;
  isTestMode: boolean;
+  /**
+   * @description Tuple with major, minor, patch
+   */
  version: [number, number, number];
 }
@@ -20,15 +20,15 @@
    "./detectPackage.cjs"
  ],
  "type": "module",
-  "version": "8.3.3",
+  "version": "9.7.1",
  "main": "index.js",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.16.7",
-    "@polkadot/util": "8.3.3",
-    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "8.3.3"
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.18.6",
+    "@polkadot/util": "9.7.1",
+    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "9.7.1"
  },
  "peerDependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/util": "8.3.3",
-    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "8.3.3"
+    "@polkadot/util": "9.7.1",
+    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "9.7.1"
  }
 }
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import type { EncryptedJsonEncoding, Keypair, KeypairType } from '@polkadot/util-crypto/types';
 import type { KeyringInstance, KeyringOptions, KeyringPair, KeyringPair$Json, KeyringPair$Meta } from './types';

-import { assert, hexToU8a, isHex, isUndefined, stringToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { hexToU8a, isHex, stringToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { base64Decode, decodeAddress, ed25519PairFromSeed as ed25519FromSeed, encodeAddress, ethereumEncode, hdEthereum, keyExtractSuri, keyFromPath, mnemonicToLegacySeed, mnemonicToMiniSecret, secp256k1PairFromSeed as secp256k1FromSeed, sr25519PairFromSeed as sr25519FromSeed } from '@polkadot/util-crypto';

 import { DEV_PHRASE } from './defaults';
@@ -50,7 +50,9 @@ export class Keyring implements KeyringInstance {
  constructor (options: KeyringOptions = {}) {
    options.type = options.type || 'ed25519';

-    assert(['ecdsa', 'ethereum', 'ed25519', 'sr25519'].includes(options.type || 'undefined'), () => `Expected a keyring type of either 'ed25519', 'sr25519', 'ethereum' or 'ecdsa', found '${options.type || 'unknown'}`);
+    if (!['ecdsa', 'ethereum', 'ed25519', 'sr25519'].includes(options.type || 'undefined')) {
+      throw new Error(`Expected a keyring type of either 'ed25519', 'sr25519', 'ethereum' or 'ecdsa', found '${options.type || 'unknown'}`);
+    }

    this.#pairs = new Pairs();
    this.#ss58 = options.ss58Format;
@@ -162,7 +164,9 @@ export class Keyring implements KeyringInstance {
   * @description Creates a pair from a JSON keyfile
   */
  public createFromJson ({ address, encoded, encoding: { content, type, version }, meta }: KeyringPair$Json, ignoreChecksum?: boolean): KeyringPair {
-    assert(version !== '3' || content[0] === 'pkcs8', () => `Unable to decode non-pkcs8 type, [${content.join(',')}] found}`);
+    if (version === '3' && content[0] !== 'pkcs8') {
+      throw new Error(`Unable to decode non-pkcs8 type, [${content.join(',')}] found}`);
+    }

    const cryptoType = version === '0' || !Array.isArray(content)
      ? this.type
@@ -171,7 +175,9 @@ export class Keyring implements KeyringInstance {
      ? [type]
      : type;

-    assert(['ed25519', 'sr25519', 'ecdsa', 'ethereum'].includes(cryptoType), () => `Unknown crypto type ${cryptoType}`);
+    if (!['ed25519', 'sr25519', 'ecdsa', 'ethereum'].includes(cryptoType)) {
+      throw new Error(`Unknown crypto type ${cryptoType}`);
+    }

    // Here the address and publicKey are 32 bytes and isomorphic. This is why the address field needs to be the public key for ethereum type pairs
    const publicKey = isHex(address)
@@ -216,7 +222,9 @@ export class Keyring implements KeyringInstance {
          ? mnemonicToLegacySeed(phrase, '', false, 64)
          : mnemonicToMiniSecret(phrase, password);
      } else {
-        assert(phrase.length <= 32, 'specified phrase is not a valid mnemonic and is invalid as a raw seed at > 32 bytes');
+        if (phrase.length > 32) {
+          throw new Error('specified phrase is not a valid mnemonic and is invalid as a raw seed at > 32 bytes');
+        }

        seed = stringToU8a(phrase.padEnd(32));
      }
@@ -238,7 +246,7 @@ export class Keyring implements KeyringInstance {
  public encodeAddress = (address: Uint8Array | string, ss58Format?: number): string => {
    return this.type === 'ethereum'
      ? ethereumEncode(address)
-      : encodeAddress(address, isUndefined(ss58Format) ? this.#ss58 : ss58Format);
+      : encodeAddress(address, ss58Format === undefined ? this.#ss58 : ss58Format);
  };

  /**
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/keyring authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+export * from './index';
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@

 // Do not edit, auto-generated by @polkadot/dev

-export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/keyring', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '8.3.3' };
+export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/keyring', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '9.7.1' };
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import type { EncryptedJsonEncoding } from '@polkadot/util-crypto/types';
 import type { PairInfo } from './types';

-import { assert, isUndefined, u8aEq } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { assert, u8aEq } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { jsonDecryptData } from '@polkadot/util-crypto';

 import { PKCS8_DIVIDER, PKCS8_HEADER, PUB_LENGTH, SEC_LENGTH, SEED_LENGTH } from './defaults';
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ type DecodeResult = PairInfo & {
 };

 export function decodePair (passphrase?: string, encrypted?: Uint8Array | null, _encType?: EncryptedJsonEncoding | EncryptedJsonEncoding[]): DecodeResult {
-  const encType = Array.isArray(_encType) || isUndefined(_encType)
+  const encType = Array.isArray(_encType) || _encType === undefined
    ? _encType
    : [_encType];
  const decrypted = jsonDecryptData(encrypted, passphrase, encType);
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import type { HexString } from '@polkadot/util/types';
 import type { KeyringPair, KeyringPairs } from './types';

-import { assert, isHex, isU8a, u8aToHex, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { isHex, isU8a, u8aToHex, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { decodeAddress } from '@polkadot/util-crypto';

 type KeyringPairMap = Record<string, KeyringPair>;
@@ -25,11 +25,13 @@ export class Pairs implements KeyringPairs {
  public get (address: HexString | string | Uint8Array): KeyringPair {
    const pair = this.#map[decodeAddress(address).toString()];

-    assert(pair, () => `Unable to retrieve keypair '${
-      isU8a(address) || isHex(address)
-        ? u8aToHex(u8aToU8a(address))
-        : address
-    }'`);
+    if (!pair) {
+      throw new Error(`Unable to retrieve keypair '${
+        isU8a(address) || isHex(address)
+          ? u8aToHex(u8aToU8a(address))
+          : address
+      }'`);
+    }

    return pair;
  }
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 import type { KeyringInstance, KeyringOptions } from './types';

-import { assert, hexToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { hexToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { KeypairType } from '@polkadot/util-crypto/types';

 import { Keyring } from './keyring';
@@ -112,7 +112,9 @@ export const PAIRSETHEREUM: PairDef[] = [
 ];

 function createMeta (name?: string, seed?: string) {
-  assert(name || seed, 'Testing pair should have either a name or a seed');
+  if (!name && !seed) {
+    throw new Error('Testing pair should have either a name or a seed');
+  }

  return {
    isTesting: true,
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ describe('testingPairs', (): void => {
    delete ring.nobody;

    Object.keys(ring).forEach((testKeyring, i) => {
-      if (i < 6) { expect(u8aToHex(ring[testKeyring].publicKey)).toEqual(u8aToHex(keyring.createFromUri(privKeys[i]).publicKey)); }
+      if (i < 6) {
+        expect(u8aToHex(ring[testKeyring].publicKey)).toEqual(u8aToHex(keyring.createFromUri(privKeys[i]).publicKey));
+      }
    });
  });
 });
@@ -5,7 +5,13 @@ import type { HexString } from '@polkadot/util/types';
 import type { EncryptedJson, Keypair, KeypairType, Prefix } from '@polkadot/util-crypto/types';

 export interface KeyringOptions {
+  /**
+   * @description The ss58Format to use for address encoding (defaults to 42)
+   */
  ss58Format?: Prefix;
+  /**
+   * @description The type of keyring to create (defaults to ed25519)
+   */
  type?: KeypairType;
 }

@@ -17,6 +23,9 @@ export interface KeyringPair$Json extends EncryptedJson {
 }

 export interface SignOptions {
+  /**
+   * @description Create a MultiSignature-compatible output with an indicator type
+   **/
  withType?: boolean;
 }

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@

 A list of all available Substrate networks and their applicable prefixes.

-This list is periodically checked against the master list available at https://github.com/paritytech/substrate/blob/master/ss58-registry.json
+This list is periodically checked against the master list available at https://github.com/paritytech/ss58-registry/blob/main/ss58-registry.json
@@ -17,14 +17,15 @@
  },
  "sideEffects": false,
  "type": "module",
-  "version": "8.3.3",
+  "version": "9.7.1",
  "main": "index.js",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.16.7",
-    "@polkadot/util": "8.3.3"
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.18.6",
+    "@polkadot/util": "9.7.1",
+    "@substrate/ss58-registry": "^1.23.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/hw-ledger": "8.3.3",
-    "@polkadot/x-fetch": "8.3.3"
+    "@polkadot/hw-ledger": "9.7.1",
+    "@polkadot/x-fetch": "9.7.1"
  }
 }
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-
-import fs from 'fs';
-import fetch from 'node-fetch';
-
-import { substrateRegistry } from '../build/defaults.js';
-
-const substrateRegistryRepo = substrateRegistry
-  .replace('raw.githubusercontent.com', 'github.com')
-  .split('main')[0];
-
-function outputField (k, v) {
-  if (typeof v === 'string') {
-    return `'${v}'`;
-  } else if (Array.isArray(v)) {
-    // new format is [] to indicate optionality
-    return (['decimals', 'symbols'].includes(k) && !v.length)
-      ? null
-      : `[${v.map((v) => outputField(k, v)).join(', ')}]`;
-  }
-
-  return v;
-}
-
-async function getSubstrateRegistry () {
-  const original = await fetch(substrateRegistry);
-  const json = await original.json();
-
-  return json.registry
-    .map((e) =>
-      `  {\n${Object
-        .entries(e)
-        .sort(([a], [b]) => a.localeCompare(b))
-        .map(([k, v]) => `    ${k}: ${outputField(k, v)}`)
-        .join(',\n')}\n  }`
-    )
-    .join(',\n');
-}
-
-getSubstrateRegistry()
-  .then((entries) => {
-    fs.writeFileSync('packages/networks/src/substrate.ts', `// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-
-//
-// Auto-generated by yarn networks:sync (via scripts/fromSubstrate.mjs)
-//
-// This file should never be edited manually. Rather the process is as follow -
-//
-//   - make a PR to the upstream registry found at ${substrateRegistryRepo}
-//   - ensure the PR gets merged
-//   - yarn networks:sync in this repo to sync
-//
-// Any manual changes to this file will make CI cron checks fail and will be
-// lost when the registry is updated alongside the above sync.
-//
-
-import type { KnownSubstrate } from './types';
-
-export const knownSubstrate: KnownSubstrate[] = [\n${entries}\n];
-`);
-
-    console.log('Completed.');
-
-    process.exit(0);
-  })
-  .catch((error) => {
-    console.error('Error:', error.message);
-
-    process.exit(-1);
-  });
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ import fs from 'fs';
 import { objectKeys, stringify } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { fetch } from '@polkadot/x-fetch';

-import { substrateRegistry } from './defaults';
 import { allNetworks } from './';

+const REGISTRY = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/ss58-registry/main/ss58-registry.json';
 const OUTPUT = './.github/ss58-check.md';

 function assertAndLog (check: boolean, error: string): void {
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ describe('check latest Substrate ss58 registry', (): void => {
  let original: Ss58Registry;

  beforeAll(async (): Promise<void> => {
-    original = (await (await fetch(substrateRegistry)).json()) as Ss58Registry;
+    original = (await (await fetch(REGISTRY)).json()) as Ss58Registry;
  });

  it('has the same number as the original', (): void => {
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-
-import type { KnownIcon, KnownLedger, KnownTestnet } from './types';
-
-export { knownGenesis } from './genesis';
-
-export const substrateRegistry = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/paritytech/ss58-registry/main/ss58-registry.json';
-
-// these are icon overrides
-export const knownIcon: KnownIcon = {
-  centrifuge: 'polkadot',
-  kusama: 'polkadot',
-  polkadot: 'polkadot',
-  sora: 'polkadot',
-  statemine: 'polkadot',
-  statemint: 'polkadot',
-  westmint: 'polkadot'
-};
-
-// These match up with the keys of the ledgerApps object in the @polkadot/hw-ledger/defaults.ts
-// and maps to the known slip44 (minus the `0x8` hard derivation flag)
-// NOTE: Any network here needs to have a genesisHash attached in the config above
-export const knownLedger: KnownLedger = {
-  bifrost: 0x00000314,
-  centrifuge: 0x000002eb,
-  'dock-mainnet': 0x00000252,
-  edgeware: 0x0000020b,
-  equilibrium: 0x05f5e0fd,
-  genshiro: 0x05f5e0fc,
-  kusama: 0x000001b2,
-  'nodle-chain': 0x000003eb,
-  polkadot: 0x00000162,
-  polymesh: 0x00000253,
-  sora: 0x00000269,
-  statemine: 0x000001b2 // common-good on Kusama, shares derivation
-};
-
-// testnets should not allow selection
-export const knownTestnet: KnownTestnet = {
-  '': true, // this is the default non-network entry
-  'cess-testnet': true,
-  'dock-testnet': true,
-  jupiter: true,
-  'mathchain-testnet': true,
-  subspace_testnet: true,
-  'zero-alphaville': true
-};
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import type { KnownGenesis } from './types';
+import type { KnownGenesis } from '../types';

 // NOTE: In the case where the network was hard-spooned and multiple genesisHashes
 // are provided, it needs to be in reverse order, i.e. most-recent first, oldest
@@ -11,13 +11,24 @@ export const knownGenesis: KnownGenesis = {
  acala: [
    '0xfc41b9bd8ef8fe53d58c7ea67c794c7ec9a73daf05e6d54b14ff6342c99ba64c'
  ],
+  astar: [
+    '0x9eb76c5184c4ab8679d2d5d819fdf90b9c001403e9e17da2e14b6d8aec4029c6'
+  ],
+  basilisk: [
+    '0xa85cfb9b9fd4d622a5b28289a02347af987d8f73fa3108450e2b4a11c1ce5755'
+  ],
  bifrost: [
-    '0x9f28c6a68e0fc9646eff64935684f6eeeece527e37bbe1f213d22caa1d9d6bed'
+    '0x262e1b2ad728475fd6fe88e62d34c200abe6fd693931ddad144059b1eb884e5b'
  ],
  centrifuge: [
+    '0xb3db41421702df9a7fcac62b53ffeac85f7853cc4e689e0b93aeb3db18c09d82',
    '0x67dddf2673b69e5f875f6f25277495834398eafd67f492e09f3f3345e003d1b5'
  ],
+  composable: [
+    '0xdaab8df776eb52ec604a5df5d388bb62a050a0aaec4556a64265b9d42755552d'
+  ],
  'dock-mainnet': [
+    '0x6bfe24dca2a3be10f22212678ac13a6446ec764103c0f3471c71609eac384aae',
    '0xf73467c6544aa68df2ee546b135f955c46b90fa627e9b5d7935f41061bb8a5a9'
  ],
  edgeware: [
@@ -46,14 +57,17 @@ export const knownGenesis: KnownGenesis = {
    '0xe3777fa922cafbff200cadeaea1a76bd7898ad5b89f7848999058b50e715f636', // Kusama CC2
    '0x3fd7b9eb6a00376e5be61f01abb429ffb0b104be05eaff4d458da48fcd425baf' // Kusama CC1
  ],
-  'nodle-chain': [
-    '0xa3d114c2b8d0627c1aa9b134eafcf7d05ca561fdc19fb388bb9457f81809fb23'
+  'nodle-para': [
+    '0x97da7ede98d7bad4e36b4d734b6055425a3be036da2a332ea5a7037656427a21'
+  ],
+  parallel: [
+    '0xe61a41c53f5dcd0beb09df93b34402aada44cb05117b71059cce40a2723a4e97'
  ],
  picasso: [
    '0xe8e7f0f4c4f5a00720b4821dbfddefea7490bcf0b19009961cc46957984e2c1c'
  ],
-  plasm: [
-    '0x3e86364d4b4894021cb2a0390bcf2feb5517d5292f2de2bb9404227e908b0b8b'
+  polkadex: [
+    '0x3920bcb4960a1eef5580cd5367ff3f430eef052774f78468852f7b9cb39f8a3c'
  ],
  polkadot: [
    '0x91b171bb158e2d3848fa23a9f1c25182fb8e20313b2c1eb49219da7a70ce90c3'
@@ -62,6 +76,7 @@ export const knownGenesis: KnownGenesis = {
    '0x6fbd74e5e1d0a61d52ccfe9d4adaed16dd3a7caa37c6bc4d0c2fa12e8b2f4063'
  ],
  rococo: [
+    '0x6408de7737c59c238890533af25896a2c20608d8b380bb01029acb392781063e',
    '0xaaf2cd1b74b5f726895921259421b534124726263982522174147046b8827897',
    '0x037f5f3c8e67b314062025fc886fcd6238ea25a4a9b45dce8d246815c9ebe770',
    '0xc196f81260cf1686172b47a79cf002120735d7cb0eb1474e8adce56618456fff',
@@ -83,7 +98,16 @@ export const knownGenesis: KnownGenesis = {
  statemine: [
    '0x48239ef607d7928874027a43a67689209727dfb3d3dc5e5b03a39bdc2eda771a'
  ],
+  statemint: [
+    '0x68d56f15f85d3136970ec16946040bc1752654e906147f7e43e9d539d7c3de2f'
+  ],
  subsocial: [
    '0x0bd72c1c305172e1275278aaeb3f161e02eccb7a819e63f62d47bd53a28189f8'
+  ],
+  westend: [
+    '0xe143f23803ac50e8f6f8e62695d1ce9e4e1d68aa36c1cd2cfd15340213f3423e'
+  ],
+  xxnetwork: [
+    '0x50dd5d206917bf10502c68fb4d18a59fc8aa31586f4e8856b493e43544aa82aa'
  ]
 };
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import type { KnownIcon } from '../types';
+
+// these are icon overrides
+export const knownIcon: KnownIcon = {
+  centrifuge: 'polkadot',
+  kusama: 'polkadot',
+  polkadot: 'polkadot',
+  sora: 'polkadot',
+  statemine: 'polkadot',
+  statemint: 'polkadot',
+  westmint: 'polkadot'
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+export { knownGenesis } from './genesis';
+export { knownIcon } from './icons';
+export { knownLedger } from './ledger';
+export { knownTestnet } from './testnets';
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import type { KnownLedger } from '../types';
+
+// These match up with the keys of the ledgerApps object in the @polkadot/hw-ledger/defaults.ts
+// and maps to the known slip44 (minus the `0x8` hard derivation flag)
+//
+// NOTE: Any network here needs to have a genesisHash attached in the ./genesis.ts config
+export const knownLedger: KnownLedger = {
+  acala: 0x00000313,
+  astar: 0x0000032a,
+  bifrost: 0x00000314,
+  centrifuge: 0x000002eb,
+  composable: 0x00000162,
+  'dock-mainnet': 0x00000252,
+  edgeware: 0x0000020b,
+  equilibrium: 0x05f5e0fd,
+  genshiro: 0x05f5e0fc,
+  karura: 0x000002ae,
+  kusama: 0x000001b2,
+  'nodle-para': 0x000003eb,
+  parallel: 0x00000162,
+  polkadex: 0x0000031f,
+  polkadot: 0x00000162,
+  polymesh: 0x00000253,
+  sora: 0x00000269,
+  statemine: 0x000001b2, // common-good on Kusama, shares derivation
+  statemint: 0x00000162, // common-good on Polkadot, shares derivation
+  xxnetwork: 0x000007a3
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import type { KnownTestnet } from '../types';
+
+// testnets should not allow selection
+export const knownTestnet: KnownTestnet = {
+  '': true, // this is the default non-network entry
+  'cess-testnet': true,
+  'dock-testnet': true,
+  jupiter: true,
+  'mathchain-testnet': true,
+  subspace_testnet: true,
+  'zero-alphaville': true
+};
@@ -67,6 +67,26 @@ describe('availableNetworks', (): void => {
      )
    ).toEqual([]);
  });
+
+  it('has all the correct fields', (): void => {
+    expect(availableNetworks[0]).toEqual({
+      decimals: [10],
+      displayName: 'Polkadot Relay Chain',
+      genesisHash: [
+        '0x91b171bb158e2d3848fa23a9f1c25182fb8e20313b2c1eb49219da7a70ce90c3'
+      ],
+      hasLedgerSupport: true,
+      icon: 'polkadot',
+      isIgnored: false,
+      isTestnet: false,
+      network: 'polkadot',
+      prefix: 0,
+      slip44: 354,
+      standardAccount: '*25519',
+      symbols: ['DOT'],
+      website: 'https://polkadot.network'
+    });
+  });
 });

 describe('allNetworks', (): void => {
@@ -93,6 +113,6 @@ describe('selectableNetworks', (): void => {

  it('has a sorted list (first external, last external)', (): void => {
    expect(selectableNetworks[3].displayName).toEqual('Acala');
-    expect(selectableNetworks[selectableNetworks.length - 1].displayName).toEqual('Stafi');
+    expect(selectableNetworks[selectableNetworks.length - 1].displayName).toEqual('xx network');
  });
 });
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

+// TODO: This was removed, really cannot recall the reason...
+// ... put it back, but keep it removed
+// import './detectPackage';
+
 export * from './interfaces';
 export { packageInfo } from './packageInfo';
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@

 import type { KnownSubstrate, Network, SubstrateNetwork } from './types';

+import knownSubstrate from '@substrate/ss58-registry';
+
 import { knownGenesis, knownIcon, knownLedger, knownTestnet } from './defaults';
-import { knownSubstrate } from './substrate';

 // These are known prefixes that are not sorted
 const UNSORTED = [0, 2, 42];
@@ -25,7 +26,14 @@ function toExpanded (o: KnownSubstrate): SubstrateNetwork {

  // filtering
  n.isTestnet = !!knownTestnet[network] || TESTNETS.includes(nameParts[nameParts.length - 1]);
-  n.isIgnored = n.isTestnet || (!(o.standardAccount && o.decimals && o.symbols) && o.prefix !== 42);
+  n.isIgnored = n.isTestnet || (
+    !(
+      o.standardAccount &&
+      o.decimals && o.decimals.length &&
+      o.symbols && o.symbols.length
+    ) &&
+    o.prefix !== 42
+  );

  return n;
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+export * from './index';
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@

 // Do not edit, auto-generated by @polkadot/dev

-export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/networks', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '8.3.3' };
+export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/networks', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '9.7.1' };
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+import known from '@substrate/ss58-registry';
+import fs from 'fs';
+import path from 'path';
+
+import other from './test/ss58registry.test.json';
+
+describe('@substrate/ss58-registry', (): void => {
+  it('has known values', (): void => {
+    const json = JSON.stringify(known, null, 2);
+
+    try {
+      expect(JSON.parse(json)).toEqual(other);
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (process.env.GITHUB_REPOSITORY) {
+        console.error(json);
+
+        throw error;
+      }
+
+      fs.writeFileSync(path.join(__dirname, './test/ss58registry.test.json'), json, { flag: 'w' });
+    }
+  });
+});
@@ -1,812 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/networks authors & contributors
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-
-//
-// Auto-generated by yarn networks:sync (via scripts/fromSubstrate.mjs)
-//
-// This file should never be edited manually. Rather the process is as follow -
-//
-//   - make a PR to the upstream registry found at https://github.com/paritytech/ss58-registry/
-//   - ensure the PR gets merged
-//   - yarn networks:sync in this repo to sync
-//
-// Any manual changes to this file will make CI cron checks fail and will be
-// lost when the registry is updated alongside the above sync.
-//
-
-import type { KnownSubstrate } from './types';
-
-export const knownSubstrate: KnownSubstrate[] = [
-  {
-    decimals: [10],
-    displayName: 'Polkadot Relay Chain',
-    network: 'polkadot',
-    prefix: 0,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['DOT'],
-    website: 'https://polkadot.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'Bare 32-bit Schnorr/Ristretto (S/R 25519) public key.',
-    network: 'BareSr25519',
-    prefix: 1,
-    standardAccount: 'Sr25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Kusama Relay Chain',
-    network: 'kusama',
-    prefix: 2,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['KSM'],
-    website: 'https://kusama.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'Bare 32-bit Ed25519 public key.',
-    network: 'BareEd25519',
-    prefix: 3,
-    standardAccount: 'Ed25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'Katal Chain',
-    network: 'katalchain',
-    prefix: 4,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Astar Network',
-    network: 'astar',
-    prefix: 5,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['ASTR'],
-    website: 'https://astar.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Bifrost',
-    network: 'bifrost',
-    prefix: 6,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['BNC'],
-    website: 'https://bifrost.finance/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Edgeware',
-    network: 'edgeware',
-    prefix: 7,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['EDG'],
-    website: 'https://edgewa.re'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Karura',
-    network: 'karura',
-    prefix: 8,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['KAR'],
-    website: 'https://karura.network/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Laminar Reynolds Canary',
-    network: 'reynolds',
-    prefix: 9,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['REY'],
-    website: 'http://laminar.network/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Acala',
-    network: 'acala',
-    prefix: 10,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['ACA'],
-    website: 'https://acala.network/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Laminar',
-    network: 'laminar',
-    prefix: 11,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['LAMI'],
-    website: 'http://laminar.network/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [6],
-    displayName: 'Polymesh',
-    network: 'polymesh',
-    prefix: 12,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['POLYX'],
-    website: 'https://polymath.network/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Integritee',
-    network: 'integritee',
-    prefix: 13,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['TEER'],
-    website: 'https://integritee.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [0],
-    displayName: 'Totem',
-    network: 'totem',
-    prefix: 14,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['TOTEM'],
-    website: 'https://totemaccounting.com'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Synesthesia',
-    network: 'synesthesia',
-    prefix: 15,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['SYN'],
-    website: 'https://synesthesia.network/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Kulupu',
-    network: 'kulupu',
-    prefix: 16,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['KLP'],
-    website: 'https://kulupu.network/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'Dark Mainnet',
-    network: 'dark',
-    prefix: 17,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [9, 9],
-    displayName: 'Darwinia Network',
-    network: 'darwinia',
-    prefix: 18,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['RING', 'KTON'],
-    website: 'https://darwinia.network/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'GeekCash',
-    network: 'geek',
-    prefix: 19,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['GEEK'],
-    website: 'https://geekcash.org'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Stafi',
-    network: 'stafi',
-    prefix: 20,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['FIS'],
-    website: 'https://stafi.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [6],
-    displayName: 'Dock Testnet',
-    network: 'dock-testnet',
-    prefix: 21,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['DCK'],
-    website: 'https://dock.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [6],
-    displayName: 'Dock Mainnet',
-    network: 'dock-mainnet',
-    prefix: 22,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['DCK'],
-    website: 'https://dock.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'ShiftNrg',
-    network: 'shift',
-    prefix: 23,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'ZERO',
-    network: 'zero',
-    prefix: 24,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PLAY'],
-    website: 'https://zero.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'ZERO Alphaville',
-    network: 'zero-alphaville',
-    prefix: 25,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PLAY'],
-    website: 'https://zero.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [10],
-    displayName: 'Jupiter',
-    network: 'jupiter',
-    prefix: 26,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['jDOT'],
-    website: 'https://jupiter.patract.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'Subsocial',
-    network: 'subsocial',
-    prefix: 28,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12, 12],
-    displayName: 'CORD Network',
-    network: 'cord',
-    prefix: 29,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['DHI', 'WAY'],
-    website: 'https://cord.network/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Phala Network',
-    network: 'phala',
-    prefix: 30,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PHA'],
-    website: 'https://phala.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Litentry Network',
-    network: 'litentry',
-    prefix: 31,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['LIT'],
-    website: 'https://litentry.com/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [9],
-    displayName: 'Robonomics',
-    network: 'robonomics',
-    prefix: 32,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['XRT'],
-    website: 'https://robonomics.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'DataHighway',
-    network: 'datahighway',
-    prefix: 33,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Ares Protocol',
-    network: 'ares',
-    prefix: 34,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['ARES'],
-    website: 'https://www.aresprotocol.com/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [15],
-    displayName: 'Valiu Liquidity Network',
-    network: 'vln',
-    prefix: 35,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['USDv'],
-    website: 'https://valiu.com/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Centrifuge Chain',
-    network: 'centrifuge',
-    prefix: 36,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['CFG'],
-    website: 'https://centrifuge.io/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Nodle Chain',
-    network: 'nodle',
-    prefix: 37,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['NODL'],
-    website: 'https://nodle.io/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'KILT Chain',
-    network: 'kilt',
-    prefix: 38,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['KILT'],
-    website: 'https://kilt.io/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'MathChain mainnet',
-    network: 'mathchain',
-    prefix: 39,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['MATH'],
-    website: 'https://mathwallet.org'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'MathChain testnet',
-    network: 'mathchain-testnet',
-    prefix: 40,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['MATH'],
-    website: 'https://mathwallet.org'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'Polimec Chain',
-    network: 'poli',
-    prefix: 41,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: 'https://polimec.io/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'Substrate',
-    network: 'substrate',
-    prefix: 42,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: 'https://substrate.io/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'Bare 32-bit ECDSA SECP-256k1 public key.',
-    network: 'BareSecp256k1',
-    prefix: 43,
-    standardAccount: 'secp256k1',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [8],
-    displayName: 'ChainX',
-    network: 'chainx',
-    prefix: 44,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PCX'],
-    website: 'https://chainx.org/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12, 12],
-    displayName: 'UniArts Network',
-    network: 'uniarts',
-    prefix: 45,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['UART', 'UINK'],
-    website: 'https://uniarts.me'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'This prefix is reserved.',
-    network: 'reserved46',
-    prefix: 46,
-    standardAccount: null,
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'This prefix is reserved.',
-    network: 'reserved47',
-    prefix: 47,
-    standardAccount: null,
-    symbols: null,
-    website: null
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Neatcoin Mainnet',
-    network: 'neatcoin',
-    prefix: 48,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['NEAT'],
-    website: 'https://neatcoin.org'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Picasso',
-    network: 'picasso',
-    prefix: 49,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PICA'],
-    website: 'https://picasso.composable.finance'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Composable',
-    network: 'composable',
-    prefix: 50,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['LAYR'],
-    website: 'https://composable.finance'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [9],
-    displayName: 'xx network',
-    network: 'xxnetwork',
-    prefix: 55,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['XX'],
-    website: 'https://xx.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'HydraDX',
-    network: 'hydradx',
-    prefix: 63,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['HDX'],
-    website: 'https://hydradx.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'AvN Mainnet',
-    network: 'aventus',
-    prefix: 65,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['AVT'],
-    website: 'https://aventus.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Crust Network',
-    network: 'crust',
-    prefix: 66,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['CRU'],
-    website: 'https://crust.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [9, 9, 9],
-    displayName: 'Genshiro Network',
-    network: 'genshiro',
-    prefix: 67,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['GENS', 'EQD', 'LPT0'],
-    website: 'https://genshiro.equilibrium.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [9],
-    displayName: 'Equilibrium Network',
-    network: 'equilibrium',
-    prefix: 68,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['EQ'],
-    website: 'https://equilibrium.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'SORA Network',
-    network: 'sora',
-    prefix: 69,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['XOR'],
-    website: 'https://sora.org'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [10],
-    displayName: 'Zeitgeist',
-    network: 'zeitgeist',
-    prefix: 73,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['ZTG'],
-    website: 'https://zeitgeist.pm'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Manta network',
-    network: 'manta',
-    prefix: 77,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['MANTA'],
-    website: 'https://manta.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Calamari: Manta Canary Network',
-    network: 'calamari',
-    prefix: 78,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['KMA'],
-    website: 'https://manta.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Polkadex Mainnet',
-    network: 'polkadex',
-    prefix: 88,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PDEX'],
-    website: 'https://polkadex.trade'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'PolkaSmith Canary Network',
-    network: 'polkasmith',
-    prefix: 98,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PKS'],
-    website: 'https://polkafoundry.com'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'PolkaFoundry Network',
-    network: 'polkafoundry',
-    prefix: 99,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PKF'],
-    website: 'https://polkafoundry.com'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'OriginTrail Parachain',
-    network: 'origintrail-parachain',
-    prefix: 101,
-    standardAccount: 'secp256k1',
-    symbols: ['TRAC'],
-    website: 'https://origintrail.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [10],
-    displayName: 'Pontem Network',
-    network: 'pontem-network',
-    prefix: 105,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PONT'],
-    website: 'https://pontem.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Heiko',
-    network: 'heiko',
-    prefix: 110,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['HKO'],
-    website: 'https://parallel.fi/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: null,
-    displayName: 'Integritee Incognito',
-    network: 'integritee-incognito',
-    prefix: 113,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: null,
-    website: 'https://integritee.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Clover Finance',
-    network: 'clover',
-    prefix: 128,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['CLV'],
-    website: 'https://clover.finance'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Litmus Network',
-    network: 'litmus',
-    prefix: 131,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['LIT'],
-    website: 'https://litentry.com/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Altair',
-    network: 'altair',
-    prefix: 136,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['AIR'],
-    website: 'https://centrifuge.io/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Parallel',
-    network: 'parallel',
-    prefix: 172,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['PARA'],
-    website: 'https://parallel.fi/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Social Network',
-    network: 'social-network',
-    prefix: 252,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['NET'],
-    website: 'https://social.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [15],
-    displayName: 'QUARTZ by UNIQUE',
-    network: 'quartz_mainnet',
-    prefix: 255,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['QTZ'],
-    website: 'https://unique.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Pioneer Network by Bit.Country',
-    network: 'pioneer_network',
-    prefix: 268,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['NEER'],
-    website: 'https://bit.country'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'SORA Kusama Parachain',
-    network: 'sora_kusama_para',
-    prefix: 420,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['XOR'],
-    website: 'https://sora.org'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Efinity',
-    network: 'efinity',
-    prefix: 1110,
-    standardAccount: 'Sr25519',
-    symbols: ['EFI'],
-    website: 'https://efinity.io/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Moonbeam',
-    network: 'moonbeam',
-    prefix: 1284,
-    standardAccount: 'secp256k1',
-    symbols: ['GLMR'],
-    website: 'https://moonbeam.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Moonriver',
-    network: 'moonriver',
-    prefix: 1285,
-    standardAccount: 'secp256k1',
-    symbols: ['MOVR'],
-    website: 'https://moonbeam.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Ajuna Network',
-    network: 'ajuna',
-    prefix: 1337,
-    standardAccount: 'Sr25519',
-    symbols: ['AJUN'],
-    website: 'https://ajuna.io'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Kapex',
-    network: 'kapex',
-    prefix: 2007,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['KAPEX'],
-    website: 'https://totemaccounting.com'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [10],
-    displayName: 'Interlay',
-    network: 'interlay',
-    prefix: 2032,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['INTR'],
-    website: 'https://interlay.io/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Kintsugi',
-    network: 'kintsugi',
-    prefix: 2092,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['KINT'],
-    website: 'https://interlay.io/'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Subspace testnet',
-    network: 'subspace_testnet',
-    prefix: 2254,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['tSSC'],
-    website: 'https://subspace.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Subspace',
-    network: 'subspace',
-    prefix: 6094,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['SSC'],
-    website: 'https://subspace.network'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'Basilisk',
-    network: 'basilisk',
-    prefix: 10041,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['BSX'],
-    website: 'https://bsx.fi'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'CESS Testnet',
-    network: 'cess-testnet',
-    prefix: 11330,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['TCESS'],
-    website: 'https://cess.cloud'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [12],
-    displayName: 'CESS',
-    network: 'cess',
-    prefix: 11331,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['CESS'],
-    website: 'https://cess.cloud'
-  },
-  {
-    decimals: [18],
-    displayName: 'Automata ContextFree',
-    network: 'contextfree',
-    prefix: 11820,
-    standardAccount: '*25519',
-    symbols: ['CTX'],
-    website: 'https://ata.network'
-  }
-];
@@ -1,17 +1,9 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/keyring authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-export type Icon = 'beachball' | 'empty' | 'jdenticon' | 'polkadot' | 'substrate';
+import type { RegistryEntry } from '@substrate/ss58-registry';

-export interface KnownSubstrate {
-  decimals: number[] | null,
-  displayName: string;
-  network: string | null;
-  prefix: number;
-  standardAccount: '*25519' | 'Ed25519' | 'Sr25519' | 'secp256k1' | null;
-  symbols: string[] | null;
-  website: string | null;
-}
+export type Icon = 'beachball' | 'empty' | 'jdenticon' | 'polkadot' | 'substrate';

 export type KnownIcon = Record<string, Icon>;

@@ -19,6 +11,8 @@ export type KnownLedger = Record<string, number>;

 export type KnownGenesis = Record<string, string[]>;

+export type KnownSubstrate = RegistryEntry;
+
 export type KnownTestnet = Record<string, true>;

 export interface SubstrateNetwork extends KnownSubstrate {
@@ -3,8 +3,13 @@
  "compilerOptions": {
    "baseUrl": "..",
    "outDir": "./build",
+    "resolveJsonModule": true,
    "rootDir": "./src"
  },
+  "include": [
+    "**/src/**/*.ts",
+    "**/test/*.json"
+  ],
  "references": [
    { "path": "../hw-ledger/tsconfig.build.json" },
    { "path": "../util/tsconfig.build.json" },
@@ -16,35 +16,35 @@
    "url": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/common.git"
  },
  "sideEffects": [
-    "./cryptoInit.js",
-    "./cryptoInit.cjs",
+    "./bundleInit.js",
+    "./bundleInit.cjs",
    "./detectPackage.js",
    "./detectPackage.cjs"
  ],
  "type": "module",
-  "version": "8.3.3",
+  "version": "9.7.1",
  "browser": {
    "crypto": false,
    "stream": false
  },
  "main": "index.js",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.16.7",
-    "@noble/hashes": "0.5.7",
-    "@noble/secp256k1": "1.3.4",
-    "@polkadot/networks": "8.3.3",
-    "@polkadot/util": "8.3.3",
-    "@polkadot/wasm-crypto": "^4.5.1",
-    "@polkadot/x-bigint": "8.3.3",
-    "@polkadot/x-randomvalues": "8.3.3",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.18.6",
+    "@noble/hashes": "1.1.2",
+    "@noble/secp256k1": "1.6.0",
+    "@polkadot/networks": "9.7.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "9.7.1",
+    "@polkadot/wasm-crypto": "^6.2.1",
+    "@polkadot/x-bigint": "9.7.1",
+    "@polkadot/x-randomvalues": "9.7.1",
+    "@scure/base": "1.1.1",
    "ed2curve": "^0.3.0",
-    "micro-base": "^0.10.2",
    "tweetnacl": "^1.0.3"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/ed2curve": "^0.2.2"
  },
  "peerDependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/util": "8.3.3"
+    "@polkadot/util": "9.7.1"
  }
 }
@@ -10,7 +10,5 @@ import { decodeAddress } from './decode';
 * @summary Converts an SS58 address to its corresponding EVM address.
 */
 export function addressToEvm (address: HexString | string | Uint8Array, ignoreChecksum?: boolean): Uint8Array {
-  const decoded = decodeAddress(address, ignoreChecksum);
-
-  return decoded.subarray(0, 20);
+  return decodeAddress(address, ignoreChecksum).subarray(0, 20);
 }
@@ -1,18 +1,12 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import type { Network } from '@polkadot/networks/types';
-
 import { availableNetworks } from '../networks';

-function networkToPrefix ({ prefix }: Network): number {
-  return prefix;
-}
-
 export const defaults = {
  allowedDecodedLengths: [1, 2, 4, 8, 32, 33],
  // publicKey has prefix + 2 checksum bytes, short only prefix + 1 checksum byte
  allowedEncodedLengths: [3, 4, 6, 10, 35, 36, 37, 38],
-  allowedPrefix: availableNetworks.map(networkToPrefix),
+  allowedPrefix: availableNetworks.map(({ prefix }) => prefix),
  prefix: 42
 };
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ const l = logger('setSS58Format');
 * @deprecated Use keyring.setSS58Format
 */
 export function setSS58Format (prefix: Prefix): void {
-  l.warn('Global setting of the ss58Format is deprecated and not recommended. Set format on the keyring (if used) or as pat of the address encode function');
+  l.warn('Global setting of the ss58Format is deprecated and not recommended. Set format on the keyring (if used) or as part of the address encode function');

  defaults.prefix = prefix;
 }
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import { utils } from 'micro-base';
+import { utils } from '@scure/base';

 import { createDecode, createEncode, createIs, createValidate } from './helpers';

@@ -27,18 +27,20 @@ type EncodeFn = (value: U8aLike, ipfsCompat?: boolean) => string;

 type ValidateFn = (value?: unknown, ipfsCompat?: boolean) => value is string;

+/** @internal */
 export function createDecode ({ coder, ipfs }: Config, validate: ValidateFn): DecodeFn {
  return (value: string, ipfsCompat?: boolean): Uint8Array => {
    validate(value, ipfsCompat);

    return coder.decode(
      ipfs && ipfsCompat
-        ? value.substr(1)
+        ? value.substring(1)
        : value
    );
  };
 }

+/** @internal */
 export function createEncode ({ coder, ipfs }: Config): EncodeFn {
  return (value: U8aLike, ipfsCompat?: boolean): string => {
    const out = coder.encode(u8aToU8a(value));
@@ -49,6 +51,7 @@ export function createEncode ({ coder, ipfs }: Config): EncodeFn {
  };
 }

+/** @internal */
 export function createIs (validate: ValidateFn): ValidateFn {
  return (value?: unknown, ipfsCompat?: boolean): value is string => {
    try {
@@ -59,6 +62,7 @@ export function createIs (validate: ValidateFn): ValidateFn {
  };
 }

+/** @internal */
 export function createValidate ({ chars, ipfs, type }: Config): ValidateFn {
  return (value?: unknown, ipfsCompat?: boolean): value is string => {
    assert(value && typeof value === 'string', () => `Expected non-null, non-empty ${type} string input`);
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import { base58 } from 'micro-base';
+import { base58 } from '@scure/base';

 import { createDecode, createEncode, createIs, createValidate } from '../base32/helpers';

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import { base64 } from 'micro-base';
+import { base64 } from '@scure/base';

 import { createDecode, createEncode, createIs, createValidate } from '../base32/helpers';

@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ import { blake2b, isReady } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 import { createAsHex } from '../helpers';

-type BitLength = 64 | 128 | 256 | 384 | 512;
-
 /**
 * @name blake2AsU8a
 * @summary Creates a blake2b u8a from the input.
@@ -26,7 +24,7 @@ type BitLength = 64 | 128 | 256 | 384 | 512;
 * blake2AsU8a('abc'); // => [0xba, 0x80, 0xa5, 0x3f, 0x98, 0x1c, 0x4d, 0x0d]
 * ```
 */
-export function blake2AsU8a (data: HexString | Uint8Array | string, bitLength: BitLength = 256, key?: Uint8Array | null, onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array {
+export function blake2AsU8a (data: HexString | Uint8Array | string, bitLength: 64 | 128 | 256 | 384 | 512 = 256, key?: Uint8Array | null, onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array {
  const byteLength = Math.ceil(bitLength / 8);
  const u8a = u8aToU8a(data);

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import './cryptoInit';
+import './bundleInit';

 export { packageInfo } from './packageInfo';

@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ utilsNobleSecp256k1.hmacSha256Sync = (key: Uint8Array, ...messages: Uint8Array[]

 // start init process immediately
 cryptoWaitReady().catch((): void => {
-  // shouldn't happen, logged above
+  // shouldn't happen, logged and caught inside cryptoWaitReady
 });
@@ -14,17 +14,19 @@ interface DualHash {
  512: (u8a: Uint8Array) => Uint8Array;
 }

-// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-export function createAsHex <T extends (...args: any[]) => Uint8Array> (fn: T): (...args: Parameters<T>) => HexString {
+/** @internal */
+export function createAsHex <T extends (...args: never[]) => Uint8Array> (fn: T): (...args: Parameters<T>) => HexString {
  return (...args: Parameters<T>): HexString =>
    u8aToHex(fn(...args));
 }

-export function createBitHasher <T> (bitLength: T, fn: (data: HexString | Buffer | Uint8Array | string, bitLength: T, onlyJs?: boolean) => Uint8Array): (data: HexString | Buffer | Uint8Array | string, onlyJs?: boolean) => Uint8Array {
+/** @internal */
+export function createBitHasher (bitLength: 256 | 512, fn: (data: HexString | Buffer | Uint8Array | string, bitLength: 256 | 512, onlyJs?: boolean) => Uint8Array): (data: HexString | Buffer | Uint8Array | string, onlyJs?: boolean) => Uint8Array {
  return (data: HexString | Buffer | Uint8Array | string, onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array =>
    fn(data, bitLength, onlyJs);
 }

+/** @internal */
 export function createDualHasher (wa: DualHash, js: DualHash): (value: HexString | Buffer | Uint8Array | string, bitLength?: 256 | 512, onlyJs?: boolean) => Uint8Array {
  return (value: HexString | Buffer | Uint8Array | string, bitLength: 256 | 512 = 256, onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array => {
    const u8a = u8aToU8a(value);
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ import { sha512 } from '@noble/hashes/sha512';
 import { hasBigInt, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { hmacSha256, hmacSha512, isReady } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

-type BitLength = 256 | 512;
-
 const JS_HASH = {
  256: sha256,
  512: sha512
@@ -20,7 +18,7 @@ const WA_MHAC = {
  512: hmacSha512
 };

-function createSha (bitLength: BitLength): (key: Uint8Array | string, data: Uint8Array, onlyJs?: boolean) => Uint8Array {
+function createSha (bitLength: 256 | 512): (key: Uint8Array | string, data: Uint8Array, onlyJs?: boolean) => Uint8Array {
  return (key: Uint8Array | string, data: Uint8Array, onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array =>
    hmacShaAsU8a(key, data, bitLength, onlyJs);
 }
@@ -29,7 +27,7 @@ function createSha (bitLength: BitLength): (key: Uint8Array | string, data: Uint
 * @name hmacShaAsU8a
 * @description creates a Hmac Sha (256/512) Uint8Array from the key & data
 */
-export function hmacShaAsU8a (key: Uint8Array | string, data: Uint8Array, bitLength: BitLength = 256, onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array {
+export function hmacShaAsU8a (key: Uint8Array | string, data: Uint8Array, bitLength: 256 | 512 = 256, onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array {
  const u8aKey = u8aToU8a(key);

  return !hasBigInt || (!onlyJs && isReady())
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export class DeriveJunction {
  public static from (value: string): DeriveJunction {
    const result = new DeriveJunction();
    const [code, isHard] = value.startsWith('/')
-      ? [value.substr(1), true]
+      ? [value.substring(1), true]
      : [value, false];

    result.soft(
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export function keyExtractPath (derivePath: string): ExtractResult {
    constructed = parts.join('');

    for (const p of parts) {
-      path.push(DeriveJunction.from(p.substr(1)));
+      path.push(DeriveJunction.from(p.substring(1)));
    }
  }

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import { assert, isNull } from '@polkadot/util';
-
 import { DeriveJunction } from './DeriveJunction';
 import { keyExtractPath } from './extractPath';

@@ -22,7 +20,9 @@ export function keyExtractSuri (suri: string): ExtractResult {
  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/prefer-regexp-exec
  const matches = suri.match(RE_CAPTURE);

-  assert(!isNull(matches), 'Unable to match provided value to a secret URI');
+  if (matches === null) {
+    throw new Error('Unable to match provided value to a secret URI');
+  }

  const [, phrase, , derivePath, , , password] = matches as string[];
  const { path } = keyExtractPath(derivePath);
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 //   - Use util-crypto randomAsU8a (instead of randombytes)
 //   - Remove setting of wordlist passing of wordlist in functions
 //   - Remove mnemonicToSeed (we only use the sync variant)
+//   - generateMnemonic takes number of words (instead of strength)

 import { assert, stringToU8a, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';

@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ export function mnemonicToEntropy (mnemonic: string): Uint8Array {
  // calculate the checksum and compare
  const entropyBytes = entropyBits.match(/(.{1,8})/g)?.map(binaryToByte);

-  assert(entropyBytes && entropyBytes.length % 4 === 0 && entropyBytes.length >= 16 && entropyBytes.length <= 32, INVALID_ENTROPY);
+  assert(entropyBytes && (entropyBytes.length % 4 === 0) && (entropyBytes.length >= 16) && (entropyBytes.length <= 32), INVALID_ENTROPY);

  const entropy = u8aToU8a(entropyBytes);
  const newChecksum = deriveChecksumBits(entropy);
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ export function mnemonicToEntropy (mnemonic: string): Uint8Array {

 export function entropyToMnemonic (entropy: Uint8Array): string {
  // 128 <= ENT <= 256
-  assert(entropy.length % 4 === 0 && entropy.length >= 16 && entropy.length <= 32, INVALID_ENTROPY);
+  assert((entropy.length % 4 === 0) && (entropy.length >= 16) && (entropy.length <= 32), INVALID_ENTROPY);

  const entropyBits = bytesToBinary(Array.from(entropy));
  const checksumBits = deriveChecksumBits(entropy);
@@ -97,12 +98,8 @@ export function entropyToMnemonic (entropy: Uint8Array): string {
    .join(' ');
 }

-export function generateMnemonic (strength?: number): string {
-  strength = strength || 128;
-
-  assert(strength % 32 === 0, INVALID_ENTROPY);
-
-  return entropyToMnemonic(randomAsU8a(strength / 8));
+export function generateMnemonic (numWords: 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24): string {
+  return entropyToMnemonic(randomAsU8a((numWords / 3) * 4));
 }

 export function validateMnemonic (mnemonic: string): boolean {
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

 import { cryptoWaitReady } from '..';
-import { mnemonicGenerate, WordCount } from './generate';
+import { mnemonicGenerate } from './generate';
 import { mnemonicValidate } from './validate';

 describe('mnemonicGenerate', (): void => {
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ describe('mnemonicGenerate', (): void => {
  });

  describe.each([false, true])('onlyJs=%p', (onlyJs): void => {
-    it.each([12, 15, 18, 21, 24] as WordCount[])('generates a valid mnemonic (%p words)', (num): void => {
+    it.each([12, 15, 18, 21, 24] as 12[])('generates a valid mnemonic (%p words)', (num): void => {
      const mnemonic = mnemonicGenerate(num, onlyJs);
      const isValid = mnemonicValidate(mnemonic);

@@ -6,17 +6,6 @@ import { bip39Generate, isReady } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 import { generateMnemonic } from './bip39';

-export type WordCount = 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24;
-
-// mapping of words to the actual strength (as expected)
-const STRENGTH_MAP = {
-  12: 16 * 8,
-  15: 20 * 8,
-  18: 24 * 8,
-  21: 28 * 8,
-  24: 32 * 8
-};
-
 /**
 * @name mnemonicGenerate
 * @summary Creates a valid mnemonic string using using [BIP39](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0039.mediawiki).
@@ -29,8 +18,8 @@ const STRENGTH_MAP = {
 * const mnemonic = mnemonicGenerate(); // => string
 * ```
 */
-export function mnemonicGenerate (numWords: WordCount = 12, onlyJs?: boolean): string {
+export function mnemonicGenerate (numWords: 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 = 12, onlyJs?: boolean): string {
  return !hasBigInt || (!onlyJs && isReady())
    ? bip39Generate(numWords)
-    : generateMnemonic(STRENGTH_MAP[numWords]);
+    : generateMnemonic(numWords);
 }
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import { assert, hasBigInt } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { hasBigInt } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { bip39ToSeed, isReady } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 import { mnemonicToSeedSync } from './bip39';
@@ -25,8 +25,11 @@ import { mnemonicValidate } from './validate';
 * ```
 */
 export function mnemonicToLegacySeed (mnemonic: string, password = '', onlyJs?: boolean, byteLength: 32 | 64 = 32): Uint8Array {
-  assert(mnemonicValidate(mnemonic), 'Invalid bip39 mnemonic specified');
-  assert([32, 64].includes(byteLength), () => `Invalid seed length ${byteLength}, expected 32 or 64`);
+  if (!mnemonicValidate(mnemonic)) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid bip39 mnemonic specified');
+  } else if (![32, 64].includes(byteLength)) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid seed length ${byteLength}, expected 32 or 64`);
+  }

  return byteLength === 32
    ? !hasBigInt || (!onlyJs && isReady())
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ describe('mnemonicToMiniSecret', (): void => {
          u8aToHex(mnemonicToMiniSecret(mnemonic, 'Substrate', onlyJs))
        ).toEqual(
          // mini returned here, only check first 32-bytes (64 hex + 2 prefix)
-          seed.substr(0, 66)
+          seed.substring(0, 66)
        );
      });
    });
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import { assert, stringToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { stringToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { bip39ToMiniSecret, isReady } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 import { pbkdf2Encode } from '../pbkdf2';
@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ import { mnemonicToEntropy } from './toEntropy';
 import { mnemonicValidate } from './validate';

 export function mnemonicToMiniSecret (mnemonic: string, password = '', onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array {
-  assert(mnemonicValidate(mnemonic), 'Invalid bip39 mnemonic specified');
+  if (!mnemonicValidate(mnemonic)) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid bip39 mnemonic specified');
+  }

  if (!onlyJs && isReady()) {
    return bip39ToMiniSecret(mnemonic, password);
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+export * from './index';
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-export * from '@polkadot/networks/interfaces';
+// Don't use a export * since we don't want to duplicate packageInfo
+export { allNetworks, availableNetworks, selectableNetworks } from '@polkadot/networks';
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@

 // Do not edit, auto-generated by @polkadot/dev

-export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/util-crypto', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '8.3.3' };
+export const packageInfo = { name: '@polkadot/util-crypto', path: 'auto', type: 'auto', version: '9.7.1' };
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 import type { Params } from './types';

-import { assert, u8aToBn } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { u8aToBn } from '@polkadot/util';

 import { BN_LE_OPTS } from '../bn';
 import { DEFAULT_PARAMS } from './defaults';
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ export function scryptFromU8a (data: Uint8Array): Result {
  // and updates for greater security. However we need some protection against carefully-crafted params that can
  // eat up CPU since these are user inputs. So we need to get very clever here, but atm we only allow the defaults
  // and if no match, bail out
-  assert(N === DEFAULT_PARAMS.N && p === DEFAULT_PARAMS.p && r === DEFAULT_PARAMS.r, 'Invalid injected scrypt params found');
+  if (N !== DEFAULT_PARAMS.N || p !== DEFAULT_PARAMS.p || r !== DEFAULT_PARAMS.r) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid injected scrypt params found');
+  }

  return { params: { N, p, r }, salt };
 }
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 import { Point } from '@noble/secp256k1';

-import { assert, hasBigInt } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { hasBigInt } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { isReady, secp256k1Compress as wasm } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 export function secp256k1Compress (publicKey: Uint8Array, onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array {
@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ export function secp256k1Compress (publicKey: Uint8Array, onlyJs?: boolean): Uin
    return publicKey;
  }

-  assert(publicKey.length === 65, 'Invalid publicKey provided');
+  if (publicKey.length !== 65) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid publicKey provided');
+  }

  return !hasBigInt || (!onlyJs && isReady())
    ? wasm(publicKey)
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import { assert, compactAddLength, isU8a, stringToU8a, u8aConcat } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { compactAddLength, isU8a, stringToU8a, u8aConcat } from '@polkadot/util';

 import { blake2AsU8a } from '../blake2/asU8a';

 const HDKD = compactAddLength(stringToU8a('Secp256k1HDKD'));

 export function secp256k1DeriveHard (seed: Uint8Array, chainCode: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
-  assert(isU8a(chainCode) && chainCode.length === 32, 'Invalid chainCode passed to derive');
+  if (!isU8a(chainCode) || chainCode.length !== 32) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid chainCode passed to derive');
+  }

  // NOTE This is specific to the Substrate HDD derivation, so always use the blake2 hasher
  return blake2AsU8a(u8aConcat(HDKD, seed, chainCode), 256);
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 import { Point } from '@noble/secp256k1';

-import { assert, bnToU8a, hasBigInt, u8aConcat } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { bnToU8a, hasBigInt, u8aConcat } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { isReady, secp256k1Expand as wasm } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 import { BN_BE_256_OPTS } from '../bn';
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ export function secp256k1Expand (publicKey: Uint8Array, onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8
    return publicKey.subarray(1);
  }

-  assert(publicKey.length === 33, 'Invalid publicKey provided');
+  if (publicKey.length !== 33) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid publicKey provided');
+  }

  if (!hasBigInt || (!onlyJs && isReady())) {
    return wasm(publicKey).subarray(1);
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import type { Keypair } from '../../types';

 import { getPublicKey } from '@noble/secp256k1';

-import { assert, hasBigInt } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { hasBigInt, u8aEmpty } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { isReady, secp256k1FromSeed } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 /**
@@ -13,13 +13,24 @@ import { isReady, secp256k1FromSeed } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';
 * @description Returns a object containing a `publicKey` & `secretKey` generated from the supplied seed.
 */
 export function secp256k1PairFromSeed (seed: Uint8Array, onlyJs?: boolean): Keypair {
-  assert(seed.length === 32, 'Expected valid 32-byte private key as a seed');
+  if (seed.length !== 32) {
+    throw new Error('Expected valid 32-byte private key as a seed');
+  }

  if (!hasBigInt || (!onlyJs && isReady())) {
    const full = secp256k1FromSeed(seed);
+    const publicKey = full.slice(32);
+
+    // There is an issue with the secp256k1 when running in an ASM.js environment where
+    // it seems that the lazy static section yields invalid results on the _first_ run.
+    // If this happens, fail outright, we cannot allow invalid return values
+    // https://github.com/polkadot-js/wasm/issues/307
+    if (u8aEmpty(publicKey)) {
+      throw new Error('Invalid publicKey generated from WASM interface');
+    }

    return {
-      publicKey: full.slice(32),
+      publicKey,
      secretKey: full.slice(0, 32)
    };
  }
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import type { HashType } from './types';

 import { recoverPublicKey, Signature } from '@noble/secp256k1';

-import { assert, hasBigInt, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { hasBigInt, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { isReady, secp256k1Recover as wasm } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 import { secp256k1Compress } from './compress';
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ export function secp256k1Recover (msgHash: HexString | Uint8Array | string, sign
    ? wasm(msg, sig, recovery)
    : recoverPublicKey(msg, Signature.fromCompact(sig).toRawBytes(), recovery);

-  assert(publicKey, 'Unable to recover publicKey from signature');
+  if (!publicKey) {
+    throw new Error('Unable to recover publicKey from signature');
+  }

  return hashType === 'keccak'
    ? secp256k1Expand(publicKey, onlyJs)
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import type { HashType } from './types';

 import { Signature, signSync } from '@noble/secp256k1';

-import { assert, bnToU8a, hasBigInt, u8aConcat } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { bnToU8a, hasBigInt, u8aConcat } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { isReady, secp256k1Sign as wasm } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 import { BN_BE_256_OPTS } from '../bn';
@@ -17,7 +17,9 @@ import { hasher } from './hasher';
 * @description Returns message signature of `message`, using the supplied pair
 */
 export function secp256k1Sign (message: Uint8Array | string, { secretKey }: Partial<Keypair>, hashType: HashType = 'blake2', onlyJs?: boolean): Uint8Array {
-  assert(secretKey?.length === 32, 'Expected valid secp256k1 secretKey, 32-bytes');
+  if (secretKey?.length !== 32) {
+    throw new Error('Expected valid secp256k1 secretKey, 32-bytes');
+  }

  const data = hasher(hashType, message, onlyJs);

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import '../cryptoInit';
+import '../bundleInit';

 import { stringToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import { _0n, assert, BN, bnToU8a, hasBigInt, isU8a, nToU8a, u8aToBigInt } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { _0n, BN, bnToU8a, hasBigInt, isU8a, nToU8a, u8aToBigInt } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { BigInt } from '@polkadot/x-bigint';

 import { BN_BE_256_OPTS, BN_BE_OPTS } from '../bn';
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ const N_BN = new BN(N, 'hex');
 function addBi (seckey: Uint8Array, tweak: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
  let res = u8aToBigInt(tweak, BN_BE_OPTS);

-  assert(res < N_BI, 'Tweak parameter is out of range');
+  if (res >= N_BI) {
+    throw new Error('Tweak parameter is out of range');
+  }

  res += u8aToBigInt(seckey, BN_BE_OPTS);

@@ -23,7 +25,9 @@ function addBi (seckey: Uint8Array, tweak: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
    res -= N_BI;
  }

-  assert(res !== _0n, 'Invalid resulting private key');
+  if (res === _0n) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid resulting private key');
+  }

  return nToU8a(res, BN_BE_256_OPTS);
 }
@@ -31,7 +35,9 @@ function addBi (seckey: Uint8Array, tweak: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
 function addBn (seckey: Uint8Array, tweak: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
  const res = new BN(tweak);

-  assert(res.cmp(N_BN) < 0, 'Tweak parameter is out of range');
+  if (res.cmp(N_BN) >= 0) {
+    throw new Error('Tweak parameter is out of range');
+  }

  res.iadd(new BN(seckey));

@@ -39,14 +45,19 @@ function addBn (seckey: Uint8Array, tweak: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
    res.isub(N_BN);
  }

-  assert(!res.isZero(), 'Invalid resulting private key');
+  if (res.isZero()) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid resulting private key');
+  }

  return bnToU8a(res, BN_BE_256_OPTS);
 }

 export function secp256k1PrivateKeyTweakAdd (seckey: Uint8Array, tweak: Uint8Array, onlyBn?: boolean): Uint8Array {
-  assert(isU8a(seckey) && seckey.length === 32, 'Expected seckey to be an Uint8Array with length 32');
-  assert(isU8a(tweak) && tweak.length === 32, 'Expected tweak to be an Uint8Array with length 32');
+  if (!isU8a(seckey) || seckey.length !== 32) {
+    throw new Error('Expected seckey to be an Uint8Array with length 32');
+  } else if (!isU8a(tweak) || tweak.length !== 32) {
+    throw new Error('Expected tweak to be an Uint8Array with length 32');
+  }

  return !hasBigInt || onlyBn
    ? addBn(seckey, tweak)
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2017-2022 @polkadot/util-crypto authors & contributors
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

-import '../cryptoInit';
+import '../bundleInit';

 import { hexToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { waitReady } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import type { HexString } from '@polkadot/util/types';
 import type { HashType } from './types';

-import { assert, u8aEq, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { u8aEq, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';

 import { hasher } from './hasher';
 import { secp256k1Recover } from './recover';
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ import { secp256k1Recover } from './recover';
 export function secp256k1Verify (msgHash: HexString | Uint8Array | string, signature: HexString | Uint8Array | string, address: HexString | Uint8Array | string, hashType: HashType = 'blake2', onlyJs?: boolean): boolean {
  const sig = u8aToU8a(signature);

-  assert(sig.length === 65, `Expected signature with 65 bytes, ${sig.length} found instead`);
+  if (sig.length !== 65) {
+    throw new Error(`Expected signature with 65 bytes, ${sig.length} found instead`);
+  }

  const publicKey = secp256k1Recover(hasher(hashType, msgHash), sig, sig[64], hashType, onlyJs);
  const signerAddr = hasher(hashType, publicKey, onlyJs);
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import type { HexString } from '@polkadot/util/types';
 import type { KeypairType, VerifyResult } from '../types';

-import { assert, u8aIsWrapped, u8aToU8a, u8aUnwrapBytes, u8aWrapBytes } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { u8aIsWrapped, u8aToU8a, u8aUnwrapBytes, u8aWrapBytes } from '@polkadot/util';

 import { decodeAddress } from '../address/decode';
 import { ed25519Verify } from '../ed25519/verify';
@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ function verifyDetect (result: VerifyResult, { message, publicKey, signature }:
 }

 function verifyMultisig (result: VerifyResult, { message, publicKey, signature }: VerifyInput): VerifyResult {
-  assert([0, 1, 2].includes(signature[0]), () => `Unknown crypto type, expected signature prefix [0..2], found ${signature[0]}`);
+  if (![0, 1, 2].includes(signature[0])) {
+    throw new Error(`Unknown crypto type, expected signature prefix [0..2], found ${signature[0]}`);
+  }

  const type = CRYPTO_TYPES[signature[0]] || 'none';

@@ -67,7 +69,9 @@ function verifyMultisig (result: VerifyResult, { message, publicKey, signature }
    result.isValid = {
      ecdsa: () => verifyDetect(result, { message, publicKey, signature: signature.subarray(1) }, VERIFIERS_ECDSA).isValid,
      ed25519: () => ed25519Verify(message, signature.subarray(1), publicKey),
-      none: () => { throw Error('no verify for `none` crypto type'); },
+      none: () => {
+        throw Error('no verify for `none` crypto type');
+      },
      sr25519: () => sr25519Verify(message, signature.subarray(1), publicKey)
    }[type]();
  } catch (error) {
@@ -86,7 +90,9 @@ function getVerifyFn (signature: Uint8Array): VerifyFn {
 export function signatureVerify (message: HexString | Uint8Array | string, signature: HexString | Uint8Array | string, addressOrPublicKey: HexString | Uint8Array | string): VerifyResult {
  const signatureU8a = u8aToU8a(signature);

-  assert([64, 65, 66].includes(signatureU8a.length), () => `Invalid signature length, expected [64..66] bytes, found ${signatureU8a.length}`);
+  if (![64, 65, 66].includes(signatureU8a.length)) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid signature length, expected [64..66] bytes, found ${signatureU8a.length}`);
+  }

  const publicKey = decodeAddress(addressOrPublicKey);
  const input = { message: u8aToU8a(message), publicKey, signature: signatureU8a };
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@

 import type { HexString } from '@polkadot/util/types';

-import { assert, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { sr25519Agree } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 /**
@@ -14,8 +14,11 @@ export function sr25519Agreement (secretKey: HexString | Uint8Array | string, pu
  const secretKeyU8a = u8aToU8a(secretKey);
  const publicKeyU8a = u8aToU8a(publicKey);

-  assert(publicKeyU8a.length === 32, () => `Invalid publicKey, received ${publicKeyU8a.length} bytes, expected 32`);
-  assert(secretKeyU8a.length === 64, () => `Invalid secretKey, received ${secretKeyU8a.length} bytes, expected 64`);
+  if (publicKeyU8a.length !== 32) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid publicKey, received ${publicKeyU8a.length} bytes, expected 32`);
+  } else if (secretKeyU8a.length !== 64) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid secretKey, received ${secretKeyU8a.length} bytes, expected 64`);
+  }

  return sr25519Agree(publicKeyU8a, secretKeyU8a);
 }
@@ -3,14 +3,16 @@

 import type { Keypair } from '../types';

-import { assert, isU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { isU8a } from '@polkadot/util';

 import { sr25519PairFromU8a } from './pair/fromU8a';
 import { sr25519KeypairToU8a } from './pair/toU8a';

 export function createDeriveFn (derive: (pair: Uint8Array, cc: Uint8Array) => Uint8Array): (keypair: Keypair, chainCode: Uint8Array) => Keypair {
  return (keypair: Keypair, chainCode: Uint8Array): Keypair => {
-    assert(isU8a(chainCode) && chainCode.length === 32, 'Invalid chainCode passed to derive');
+    if (!isU8a(chainCode) || chainCode.length !== 32) {
+      throw new Error('Invalid chainCode passed to derive');
+    }

    return sr25519PairFromU8a(
      derive(sr25519KeypairToU8a(keypair), chainCode)
@@ -3,14 +3,17 @@

 import type { HexString } from '@polkadot/util/types';

-import { assert, isU8a, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { isU8a, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { sr25519DerivePublicSoft } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 export function sr25519DerivePublic (publicKey: HexString | Uint8Array | string, chainCode: Uint8Array): Uint8Array {
  const publicKeyU8a = u8aToU8a(publicKey);

-  assert(isU8a(chainCode) && chainCode.length === 32, 'Invalid chainCode passed to derive');
-  assert(publicKeyU8a.length === 32, () => `Invalid publicKey, received ${publicKeyU8a.length} bytes, expected 32`);
+  if (!isU8a(chainCode) || chainCode.length !== 32) {
+    throw new Error('Invalid chainCode passed to derive');
+  } else if (publicKeyU8a.length !== 32) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid publicKey, received ${publicKeyU8a.length} bytes, expected 32`);
+  }

  return sr25519DerivePublicSoft(publicKeyU8a, chainCode);
 }
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import type { HexString } from '@polkadot/util/types';
 import type { Keypair } from '../../types';

-import { assert, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { sr25519KeypairFromSeed } from '@polkadot/wasm-crypto';

 import { sr25519PairFromU8a } from './fromU8a';
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ import { sr25519PairFromU8a } from './fromU8a';
 export function sr25519PairFromSeed (seed: HexString | Uint8Array | string): Keypair {
  const seedU8a = u8aToU8a(seed);

-  assert(seedU8a.length === 32, () => `Expected a seed matching 32 bytes, found ${seedU8a.length}`);
+  if (seedU8a.length !== 32) {
+    throw new Error(`Expected a seed matching 32 bytes, found ${seedU8a.length}`);
+  }

  return sr25519PairFromU8a(
    sr25519KeypairFromSeed(seedU8a)
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More