[CI Skip] release/stable 1.24.1

skip-checks: true
1.24 (#2421 )
2020-07-13 09:49:07 +00:00 · 2020-07-13 11:38:47 +02:00 · 2020-07-10 13:28:14 +00:00 · 2020-07-10 15:17:03 +02:00 · 2020-07-08 14:35:48 +00:00 · 2020-07-08 16:24:13 +02:00
48 changed files with 1483 additions and 1134 deletions
@@ -1,8 +1,24 @@
 # CHANGELOG

-## 1.22.1 Jun 29, 2020
+## 1.24.1 Jul 13, 2020

- **Important** Substrate changed the tip structure, only older chains supply `OpenTip: 'OpenTipTo225'` if using tips
+- Added `isAscii` & `isUtf8` getters to `Bytes` & `Raw` types
+- Added `toUtf8()` helper to `Bytes` & `Raw` types
+- `@polkadot/util` 2.18
+
+## 1.23.1 Jul 6, 2020
+
+- Small README typo fix (Thanks to https://github.com/woss)
+- Add latest Substrate master types
+- Adjust `<Codec>.toRawType()` to use registry name as available
+- Update `ProxyType` for Kusama, Polkadot & Westend with `IdentityJudgement`
+- Validate number format (signed/unsigned) for number types
+- Remove core codec dependencies on Base class (with proper TS encapsulation)
+- `@polkadot/util` 2.17
+
+## 1.22.1 Jun 30, 2020
+
+- **Important** Substrate changed the treasury tip structure, on older chains supply `OpenTip: 'OpenTipTo225'`
 - Allow for `[u8; 33]` in U8aFixed (Thanks to https://github.com/akru)
 - Improve derive accountId -> accountIndex lookups (optimize entries queries)
 - Vesting balance calculations via `derive.balances.all` has been updated for locks
@@ -15,7 +31,7 @@
 - Add support for `CheckMortality` signed extension (old `CheckEra` is now an alias)
 - Promise API will default to using `getStorage` on non-subscription calls, reducing RPC overhead
 - Optimize derive BN allocations, using in-place operators as applicable
- Add new substrate types for Babe EquivocationProof
+- Add new Substrate types for Babe `EquivocationProof`
 - Adjust `Releases` enum to use a shared instance

 ## 1.20.1 Jun 22, 2020
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@

 # @polkadot/api

-This library provides a clean wrapper around all the methods exposed by a Polkadot/Subtrate network client and defines all the types exposed by a node. For complete documentation around the classes, interfaces and their use, visit the [documentation portal](https://polkadot.js.org/api/).
+This library provides a clean wrapper around all the methods exposed by a Polkadot/Substrate network client and defines all the types exposed by a node. For complete documentation around the classes, interfaces and their use, visit the [documentation portal](https://polkadot.js.org/api/).

 If you are an existing user, please be sure to track the [CHANGELOG](CHANGELOG.md) and [UPGRADING](UPGRADING.md) guides when changing versions.

@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@
  "packages": [
    "packages/*"
  ],
-  "version": "1.22.1"
+  "version": "1.24.1"
 }
@@ -24,15 +24,15 @@
    "test:watch": "polkadot-dev-run-test --watch"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@babel/core": "^7.10.3",
-    "@babel/register": "^7.10.3",
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/dev": "^0.55.14",
-    "@polkadot/ts": "^0.3.26",
+    "@babel/core": "^7.10.4",
+    "@babel/register": "^7.10.4",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/dev": "^0.55.21",
+    "@polkadot/ts": "^0.3.27",
    "@polkadot/typegen": "workspace:packages/typegen",
-    "@types/jest": "^26.0.3",
+    "@types/jest": "^26.0.4",
    "@vuepress/plugin-search": "^1.5.2",
    "copyfiles": "^2.3.0"
  },
-  "version": "1.22.1"
+  "version": "1.24.1"
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@polkadot/api-contract",
-  "version": "1.22.1",
+  "version": "1.24.1",
  "description": "Interfaces for interacting with contracts and contract ABIs",
  "main": "index.js",
  "keywords": [
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/tree/master/packages/api-contract#readme",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/api": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/rpc-core": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/types": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^2.16.1",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/api": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/rpc-core": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/types": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^2.18.1",
    "bn.js": "^5.1.2",
-    "rxjs": "^6.5.5"
+    "rxjs": "^6.6.0"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@polkadot/api-derive",
-  "version": "1.22.1",
+  "version": "1.24.1",
  "description": "Common functions used across Polkadot, derived from RPC calls and storage queries.",
  "main": "index.js",
  "keywords": [
@@ -27,18 +27,18 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/tree/master/packages/api-derive#readme",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/api": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/rpc-core": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/types": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^2.16.1",
-    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.16.1",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/api": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/rpc-core": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/types": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^2.18.1",
+    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.18.1",
    "bn.js": "^5.1.2",
    "memoizee": "^0.4.14",
-    "rxjs": "^6.5.5"
+    "rxjs": "^6.6.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.16.1"
+    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.18.1"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@polkadot/api",
-  "version": "1.22.1",
+  "version": "1.24.1",
  "description": "Promise and RxJS wrappers around the Polkadot JS RPC",
  "main": "index.js",
  "keywords": [
@@ -26,21 +26,21 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/tree/master/packages/api#readme",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/api-derive": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.16.1",
-    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/rpc-core": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/types": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/types-known": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^2.16.1",
-    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.16.1",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/api-derive": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.18.1",
+    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/rpc-core": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/types": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/types-known": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^2.18.1",
+    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.18.1",
    "bn.js": "^5.1.2",
    "eventemitter3": "^4.0.4",
-    "rxjs": "^6.5.5"
+    "rxjs": "^6.6.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.16.1"
+    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.18.1"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@polkadot/metadata",
-  "version": "1.22.1",
+  "version": "1.24.1",
  "description": "Helpers to extract information from runtime metadata",
  "main": "index.js",
  "publishConfig": {
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/tree/master/packages/type-metadata#readme",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/types": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/types-known": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^2.16.1",
-    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.16.1",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/types": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/types-known": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^2.18.1",
+    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.18.1",
    "bn.js": "^5.1.2"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.16.1"
+    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.18.1"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@polkadot/rpc-core",
-  "version": "1.22.1",
+  "version": "1.24.1",
  "description": "A JavaScript wrapper for the Polkadot JsonRPC interface",
  "main": "index.js",
  "keywords": [
@@ -26,15 +26,15 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/tree/master/packages/rpc-core#readme",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/types": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^2.16.1",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/types": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^2.18.1",
    "memoizee": "^0.4.14",
-    "rxjs": "^6.5.5"
+    "rxjs": "^6.6.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.16.1"
+    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.18.1"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@polkadot/rpc-provider",
-  "version": "1.22.1",
+  "version": "1.24.1",
  "description": "Transport providers for the API",
  "main": "index.js",
  "keywords": [
@@ -26,19 +26,19 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/tree/master/packages/rpc-provider#readme",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/types": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^2.16.1",
-    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.16.1",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/types": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^2.18.1",
+    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.18.1",
    "bn.js": "^5.1.2",
    "eventemitter3": "^4.0.4",
    "isomorphic-fetch": "^2.2.1",
    "websocket": "^1.0.31"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.16.1",
+    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.18.1",
    "mock-socket": "^9.0.3",
-    "nock": "^12.0.3"
+    "nock": "^13.0.2"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@polkadot/typegen",
-  "version": "1.22.1",
+  "version": "1.24.1",
  "description": "Type generation scripts",
  "main": "index.js",
  "bin": {
@@ -33,20 +33,20 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/tree/master/packages/typegen#readme",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/core": "^7.10.3",
-    "@babel/register": "^7.10.3",
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/api": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/types": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^2.16.1",
+    "@babel/core": "^7.10.4",
+    "@babel/register": "^7.10.4",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/api": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/rpc-provider": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/types": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^2.18.1",
    "handlebars": "^4.7.6",
    "websocket": "^1.0.31",
-    "yargs": "^15.3.1"
+    "yargs": "^15.4.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@types/websocket": "^1.0.0",
+    "@types/websocket": "^1.0.1",
    "@types/yargs": "^15.0.5"
  }
 }
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@polkadot/types-known",
-  "version": "1.22.1",
+  "version": "1.24.1",
  "description": "A JavaScript wrapper for the Polkadot JsonRPC interface",
  "main": "index.js",
  "keywords": [
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/tree/master/packages/types-known#readme",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/types": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^2.16.1",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/types": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^2.18.1",
    "bn.js": "^5.1.2"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ import { OverrideVersionedType } from '@polkadot/types/types';
 const sharedTypes = {
  Address: 'AccountId',
  Keys: 'SessionKeys5',
-  LookupSource: 'AccountId'
+  LookupSource: 'AccountId',
+  ProxyType: {
+    _enum: ['Any', 'NonTransfer', 'Governance', 'Staking', 'IdentityJudgement']
+  }
 };

 const versioned: OverrideVersionedType[] = [
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const sharedTypes = {
  Keys: 'SessionKeys5',
  LookupSource: 'AccountId',
  ProxyType: {
-    _enum: ['Any', 'NonTransfer', 'Governance', 'Staking', 'SudoBalances']
+    _enum: ['Any', 'NonTransfer', 'Governance', 'Staking', 'SudoBalances', 'IdentityJudgement']
  }
 };

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const sharedTypes = {
  Keys: 'SessionKeys5',
  LookupSource: 'AccountId',
  ProxyType: {
-    _enum: ['Any', 'NonTransfer', 'Staking', 'SudoBalances']
+    _enum: ['Any', 'NonTransfer', 'Staking', 'SudoBalances', 'IdentityJudgement']
  }
 };

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "@polkadot/types",
-  "version": "1.22.1",
+  "version": "1.24.1",
  "description": "Implementation of the Parity codec",
  "main": "index.js",
  "keywords": [
@@ -26,17 +26,17 @@
  },
  "homepage": "https://github.com/polkadot-js/api/tree/master/packages/types#readme",
  "dependencies": {
-    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.3",
-    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.22.1",
-    "@polkadot/util": "^2.16.1",
-    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.16.1",
+    "@babel/runtime": "^7.10.4",
+    "@polkadot/metadata": "1.24.1",
+    "@polkadot/util": "^2.18.1",
+    "@polkadot/util-crypto": "^2.18.1",
    "@types/bn.js": "^4.11.6",
    "bn.js": "^5.1.2",
    "memoizee": "^0.4.14",
-    "rxjs": "^6.5.5"
+    "rxjs": "^6.6.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
-    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.16.1",
+    "@polkadot/keyring": "^2.18.1",
    "@types/memoizee": "^0.4.4"
  }
 }
@@ -29,9 +29,10 @@ import { StorageKind } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/offchain';
 import { DeferredOffenceOf, Kind, OffenceDetails, Offender, OpaqueTimeSlot, ReportIdOf, Reporter } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/offences';
 import { AbridgedCandidateReceipt, AttestedCandidate, AuctionIndex, Bidder, CandidateCommitments, CandidateReceipt, CollatorId, CollatorSignature, DoubleVoteReport, DownwardMessage, GlobalValidationSchedule, HeadData, IncomingParachain, IncomingParachainDeploy, IncomingParachainFixed, LeasePeriod, LeasePeriodOf, LocalValidationData, NewBidder, ParaId, ParaInfo, ParaPastCodeMeta, ParaScheduling, ParachainDispatchOrigin, Remark, Retriable, Scheduling, SigningContext, SlotRange, Statement, SubId, UpwardMessage, ValidationCode, ValidatorSignature, ValidityAttestation, WinningData, WinningDataEntry } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/parachains';
 import { RuntimeDispatchInfo } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/payment';
+import { Approvals } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/poll';
 import { ActiveRecovery, RecoveryConfig } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/recovery';
 import { RpcMethods } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/rpc';
-import { AccountId, AccountIdOf, AccountIndex, Address, AssetId, Balance, BalanceOf, Block, BlockNumber, Call, ChangesTrieConfiguration, Consensus, ConsensusEngineId, Digest, DigestItem, ExtrinsicsWeight, Fixed128, Fixed64, H160, H256, H512, Hash, Header, Index, Justification, KeyTypeId, KeyValue, LockIdentifier, LookupSource, LookupTarget, ModuleId, Moment, Origin, Pays, Perbill, Percent, Permill, Perquintill, Phantom, PhantomData, PreRuntime, ProxyType, Releases, RuntimeDbWeight, Seal, SealV0, SignedBlock, StorageData, ValidatorId, Weight, WeightMultiplier } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/runtime';
+import { AccountId, AccountIdOf, AccountIndex, Address, AssetId, Balance, BalanceOf, Block, BlockNumber, Call, ChangesTrieConfiguration, Consensus, ConsensusEngineId, Digest, DigestItem, ExtrinsicsWeight, Fixed128, Fixed64, H160, H256, H512, Hash, Header, Index, Justification, KeyTypeId, KeyValue, LockIdentifier, LookupSource, LookupTarget, ModuleId, Moment, OpaqueCall, Origin, Pays, Perbill, Percent, Permill, Perquintill, Phantom, PhantomData, PreRuntime, ProxyType, Releases, RuntimeDbWeight, Seal, SealV0, SignedBlock, StorageData, ValidatorId, Weight, WeightMultiplier } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/runtime';
 import { Period, Priority, SchedulePeriod, SchedulePriority, Scheduled, TaskAddress } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/scheduler';
 import { FullIdentification, IdentificationTuple, Keys, MembershipProof, SessionIndex, SessionKeys1, SessionKeys2, SessionKeys3, SessionKeys4, SessionKeys5, SessionKeys6, ValidatorCount } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/session';
 import { Bid, BidKind, SocietyJudgement, SocietyVote, StrikeCount, VouchingStatus } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces/society';
@@ -225,6 +226,9 @@ declare module '@polkadot/types/types/registry' {
    'Compact<Moment>': Compact<Moment>;
    'Option<Moment>': Option<Moment>;
    'Vec<Moment>': Vec<Moment>;
+    OpaqueCall: OpaqueCall;
+    'Option<OpaqueCall>': Option<OpaqueCall>;
+    'Vec<OpaqueCall>': Vec<OpaqueCall>;
    Origin: Origin;
    'Option<Origin>': Option<Origin>;
    'Vec<Origin>': Vec<Origin>;
@@ -1268,6 +1272,9 @@ declare module '@polkadot/types/types/registry' {
    WinningDataEntry: WinningDataEntry;
    'Option<WinningDataEntry>': Option<WinningDataEntry>;
    'Vec<WinningDataEntry>': Vec<WinningDataEntry>;
+    Approvals: Approvals;
+    'Option<Approvals>': Option<Approvals>;
+    'Vec<Approvals>': Vec<Approvals>;
    CallMetadataV0: CallMetadataV0;
    'Option<CallMetadataV0>': Option<CallMetadataV0>;
    'Vec<CallMetadataV0>': Vec<CallMetadataV0>;
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { H256 } from '../interfaces/runtime';
 import { AnyNumber, Codec, Registry } from '../types';

 import BN from 'bn.js';
-import { assert, bnToBn, bnToHex, bnToU8a, formatBalance, formatNumber, hexToBn, isHex, isString, isU8a, u8aToBn } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { BN_ZERO, assert, bnToBn, bnToHex, bnToU8a, formatBalance, formatNumber, hexToBn, isHex, isString, isU8a, u8aToBn } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { blake2AsU8a } from '@polkadot/util-crypto';

 import Raw from './Raw';
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ export default abstract class AbstractInt extends BN implements Codec {
    this.#isHexJson = isHexJson;
    this.#isSigned = isSigned;

+    assert(isSigned || this.gte(BN_ZERO), `${this.toRawType()}: Negative number passed to unsigned type`);
    assert(super.bitLength() <= bitLength, `${this.toRawType()}: Input too large. Found input with ${super.bitLength()} bits, expected ${bitLength}`);
  }

@@ -161,7 +162,7 @@ export default abstract class AbstractInt extends BN implements Codec {
   * @description Converts the Object to to a human-friendly JSON, with additional fields, expansion and formatting of information
   */
  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
-  public toHuman (isExpanded?: boolean): any {
+  public toHuman (isExpanded?: boolean): string {
    // FIXME we need proper expansion here
    return this instanceof this.registry.createClass('Balance')
      ? this.isMax()
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ export default class BTreeSet<V extends Codec = Codec> extends Set<V> implements
   * @description Returns the base runtime type name for this instance
   */
  public toRawType (): string {
-    return `BTreeSet<${new this.#ValClass(this.registry).toRawType()}>`;
+    return `BTreeSet<${this.registry.getClassName(this.#ValClass) || new this.#ValClass(this.registry).toRawType()}>`;
  }

  /**
@@ -2,15 +2,17 @@
 // This software may be modified and distributed under the terms
 // of the Apache-2.0 license. See the LICENSE file for details.

-import { AnyNumber, Codec, Constructor, ICompact, InterfaceTypes, Registry } from '../types';
+import { H256 } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces';
+import { AnyJson, AnyNumber, Codec, Constructor, ICompact, InterfaceTypes, Registry } from '../types';

 import BN from 'bn.js';
 import { compactAddLength, compactFromU8a, compactStripLength, compactToU8a, isBigInt, isBn, isNumber, isString } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { DEFAULT_BITLENGTH } from '@polkadot/util/compact/defaults';
+import { blake2AsU8a } from '@polkadot/util-crypto';

 import typeToConstructor from './utils/typeToConstructor';
 import { UIntBitLength } from './AbstractInt';
-import Base from './Base';
+import Raw from './Raw';

 export interface CompactEncodable extends Codec {
  bitLength (): number;
@@ -26,11 +28,17 @@ export interface CompactEncodable extends Codec {
 * used by other types to add length-prefixed encoding, or in the case of wrapped types, taking
 * a number and making the compact representation thereof
 */
-export default class Compact<T extends CompactEncodable> extends Base<T> implements ICompact<T> {
+export default class Compact<T extends CompactEncodable> implements ICompact<T> {
+  public readonly registry: Registry;
+
+  readonly #Type: Constructor<T>;
+
+  readonly #raw: T;
+
  constructor (registry: Registry, Type: Constructor<T> | keyof InterfaceTypes, value: Compact<T> | AnyNumber = 0) {
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment
-    // @ts-ignore
-    super(registry, Compact.decodeCompact<T>(registry, typeToConstructor(registry, Type), value));
+    this.registry = registry;
+    this.#Type = typeToConstructor(registry, Type);
+    this.#raw = Compact.decodeCompact<T>(registry, this.#Type, value) as T;
  }

  public static with<T extends CompactEncodable> (Type: Constructor<T> | keyof InterfaceTypes): Constructor<Compact<T>> {
@@ -61,7 +69,7 @@ export default class Compact<T extends CompactEncodable> extends Base<T> impleme
  /** @internal */
  public static decodeCompact<T extends CompactEncodable> (registry: Registry, Type: Constructor<T>, value: Compact<T> | AnyNumber): CompactEncodable {
    if (value instanceof Compact) {
-      return new Type(registry, value._raw);
+      return new Type(registry, value.#raw);
    } else if (isString(value) || isNumber(value) || isBn(value) || isBigInt(value)) {
      return new Type(registry, value);
    }
@@ -71,20 +79,41 @@ export default class Compact<T extends CompactEncodable> extends Base<T> impleme
    return new Type(registry, _value);
  }

+  /**
+   * @description The length of the value when encoded as a Uint8Array
+   */
+  public get encodedLength (): number {
+    return this.toU8a().length;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description returns a hash of the contents
+   */
+  public get hash (): H256 {
+    return new Raw(this.registry, blake2AsU8a(this.toU8a(), 256));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description Checks if the value is an empty value
+   */
+  public get isEmpty (): boolean {
+    return this.#raw.isEmpty;
+  }
+
  /**
   * @description Returns the number of bits in the value
   */
  public bitLength (): number {
-    return this._raw.bitLength();
+    return this.#raw.bitLength();
  }

  /**
   * @description Compares the value of the input to see if there is a match
   */
  public eq (other?: unknown): boolean {
-    return this._raw.eq(
+    return this.#raw.eq(
      other instanceof Compact
-        ? other._raw
+        ? other.#raw
        : other
    );
  }
@@ -93,21 +122,49 @@ export default class Compact<T extends CompactEncodable> extends Base<T> impleme
   * @description Returns the BN representation of the number
   */
  public toBn (): BN {
-    return this._raw.toBn();
+    return this.#raw.toBn();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description Returns a hex string representation of the value. isLe returns a LE (number-only) representation
+   */
+  public toHex (isLe?: boolean): string {
+    return this.#raw.toHex(isLe);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description Converts the Object to to a human-friendly JSON, with additional fields, expansion and formatting of information
+   */
+  public toHuman (isExtended?: boolean): AnyJson {
+    return this.#raw.toHuman(isExtended);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description Converts the Object to JSON, typically used for RPC transfers
+   */
+  public toJSON (): AnyJson {
+    return this.#raw.toJSON();
  }

  /**
   * @description Returns the number representation for the value
   */
  public toNumber (): number {
-    return this._raw.toNumber();
+    return this.#raw.toNumber();
  }

  /**
   * @description Returns the base runtime type name for this instance
   */
  public toRawType (): string {
-    return `Compact<${this._raw.toRawType()}>`;
+    return `Compact<${this.registry.getClassName(this.#Type) || this.#raw.toRawType()}>`;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description Returns the string representation of the value
+   */
+  public toString (): string {
+    return this.#raw.toString();
  }

  /**
@@ -116,13 +173,13 @@ export default class Compact<T extends CompactEncodable> extends Base<T> impleme
   */
  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
  public toU8a (isBare?: boolean): Uint8Array {
-    return Compact.encodeU8a(this._raw.toBn());
+    return Compact.encodeU8a(this.#raw.toBn());
  }

  /**
   * @description Returns the embedded [[UInt]] or [[Moment]] value
   */
  public unwrap (): T {
-    return this._raw;
+    return this.#raw;
  }
 }
@@ -2,13 +2,15 @@
 // This software may be modified and distributed under the terms
 // of the Apache-2.0 license. See the LICENSE file for details.

+import { H256 } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces';
 import { AnyJson, Codec, Constructor, InterfaceTypes, Registry } from '../types';

 import { assert, hexToU8a, isHex, isNumber, isObject, isString, isU8a, isUndefined, stringCamelCase, stringUpperFirst, u8aConcat, u8aToHex } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { blake2AsU8a } from '@polkadot/util-crypto';

 import Null from '../primitive/Null';
 import { mapToTypeMap } from './utils';
-import Base from './Base';
+import Raw from './Raw';
 import Struct from './Struct';

 // export interface, this is used in Enum.with, so required as public by TS
@@ -114,25 +116,29 @@ function decodeEnum (registry: Registry, def: TypesDef, value?: any, index?: num
 // TODO:
 //   - As per Enum, actually use TS enum
 //   - It should rather probably extend Enum instead of copying code
-export default class Enum extends Base<Codec> {
-  private _def: TypesDef;
+export default class Enum implements Codec {
+  public readonly registry: Registry;

-  private _index: number;
+  readonly #def: TypesDef;

-  private _indexes: number[];
+  readonly #index: number;

-  private _isBasic: boolean;
+  readonly #indexes: number[];
+
+  readonly #isBasic: boolean;
+
+  readonly #raw: Codec;

  constructor (registry: Registry, def: Record<string, keyof InterfaceTypes | Constructor> | string[], value?: unknown, index?: number) {
    const defInfo = extractDef(registry, def);
    const decoded = decodeEnum(registry, defInfo.def, value, index);

-    super(registry, decoded.value);
-
-    this._def = defInfo.def;
-    this._isBasic = defInfo.isBasic;
-    this._indexes = Object.keys(defInfo.def).map((_, index): number => index);
-    this._index = this._indexes.indexOf(decoded.index) || 0;
+    this.registry = registry;
+    this.#def = defInfo.def;
+    this.#isBasic = defInfo.isBasic;
+    this.#indexes = Object.keys(defInfo.def).map((_, index): number => index);
+    this.#index = this.#indexes.indexOf(decoded.index) || 0;
+    this.#raw = decoded.value;
  }

  public static with (Types: Record<string, keyof InterfaceTypes | Constructor> | string[]): EnumConstructor<Enum> {
@@ -140,7 +146,7 @@ export default class Enum extends Base<Codec> {
      constructor (registry: Registry, value?: unknown, index?: number) {
        super(registry, Types, value, index);

-        Object.keys(this._def).forEach((_key): void => {
+        Object.keys(this.#def).forEach((_key): void => {
          const name = stringUpperFirst(stringCamelCase(_key.replace(' ', '_')));
          const askey = `as${name}`;
          const iskey = `is${name}`;
@@ -175,21 +181,35 @@ export default class Enum extends Base<Codec> {
   * @description The length of the value when encoded as a Uint8Array
   */
  public get encodedLength (): number {
-    return 1 + this._raw.encodedLength;
+    return 1 + this.#raw.encodedLength;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description returns a hash of the contents
+   */
+  public get hash (): H256 {
+    return new Raw(this.registry, blake2AsU8a(this.toU8a(), 256));
  }

  /**
   * @description The index of the metadata value
   */
  public get index (): number {
-    return this._index;
+    return this.#index;
  }

  /**
   * @description true if this is a basic enum (no values)
   */
  public get isBasic (): boolean {
-    return this._isBasic;
+    return this.#isBasic;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description Checks if the value is an empty value
+   */
+  public get isEmpty (): boolean {
+    return this.#raw.isEmpty;
  }

  /**
@@ -203,35 +223,35 @@ export default class Enum extends Base<Codec> {
   * @description Checks if the Enum points to a [[Null]] type (deprecated, use isNone)
   */
  public get isNull (): boolean {
-    return this._raw instanceof Null;
+    return this.#raw instanceof Null;
  }

  /**
   * @description The available keys for this enum
   */
  public get defEntries (): string[] {
-    return Object.keys(this._def);
+    return Object.keys(this.#def);
  }

  /**
   * @description The available keys for this enum
   */
  public get defKeys (): string[] {
-    return Object.keys(this._def);
+    return Object.keys(this.#def);
  }

  /**
   * @description The name of the type this enum value represents
   */
  public get type (): string {
-    return this.defKeys[this._index];
+    return this.defKeys[this.#index];
  }

  /**
   * @description The value of the enum
   */
  public get value (): Codec {
-    return this._raw;
+    return this.#raw;
  }

  /**
@@ -241,7 +261,7 @@ export default class Enum extends Base<Codec> {
    // cater for the case where we only pass the enum index
    if (isNumber(other)) {
      return this.toNumber() === other;
-    } else if (this._isBasic && isString(other)) {
+    } else if (this.#isBasic && isString(other)) {
      return this.type === other;
    } else if (isU8a(other)) {
      return !this.toU8a().some((entry, index): boolean => entry !== other[index]);
@@ -268,34 +288,34 @@ export default class Enum extends Base<Codec> {
   * @description Converts the Object to to a human-friendly JSON, with additional fields, expansion and formatting of information
   */
  public toHuman (isExtended?: boolean): AnyJson {
-    return this._isBasic
+    return this.#isBasic
      ? this.type
-      : { [this.type]: this._raw.toHuman(isExtended) };
+      : { [this.type]: this.#raw.toHuman(isExtended) };
  }

  /**
   * @description Converts the Object to JSON, typically used for RPC transfers
   */
  public toJSON (): AnyJson {
-    return this._isBasic
+    return this.#isBasic
      ? this.type
-      : { [this.type]: this._raw.toJSON() };
+      : { [this.type]: this.#raw.toJSON() };
  }

  /**
   * @description Returns the number representation for the value
   */
  public toNumber (): number {
-    return this._index;
+    return this.#index;
  }

  /**
   * @description Returns a raw struct representation of the enum types
   */
  protected _toRawStruct (): string[] | Record<string, string> {
-    return this._isBasic
+    return this.#isBasic
      ? this.defKeys
-      : Struct.typesToMap(this.registry, this._def);
+      : Struct.typesToMap(this.registry, this.#def);
  }

  /**
@@ -319,11 +339,11 @@ export default class Enum extends Base<Codec> {
   * @param isBare true when the value has none of the type-specific prefixes (internal)
   */
  public toU8a (isBare?: boolean): Uint8Array {
-    const index = this._indexes[this._index];
+    const index = this.#indexes[this.#index];

    return u8aConcat(
      new Uint8Array([index]),
-      this._raw.toU8a(isBare)
+      this.#raw.toU8a(isBare)
    );
  }
 }
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ export default class CodecMap<K extends Codec = Codec, V extends Codec = Codec>
   * @description Returns the base runtime type name for this instance
   */
  public toRawType (): string {
-    return `${this.#type}<${new this.#KeyClass(this.registry).toRawType()},${new this.#ValClass(this.registry).toRawType()}>`;
+    return `${this.#type}<${this.registry.getClassName(this.#KeyClass) || new this.#KeyClass(this.registry).toRawType()},${this.registry.getClassName(this.#ValClass) || new this.#ValClass(this.registry).toRawType()}>`;
  }

  /**
@@ -2,13 +2,15 @@
 // This software may be modified and distributed under the terms
 // of the Apache-2.0 license. See the LICENSE file for details.

-import { Codec, Constructor, InterfaceTypes, Registry } from '../types';
+import { H256 } from '@polkadot/types/interfaces';
+import { AnyJson, Codec, Constructor, InterfaceTypes, Registry } from '../types';

 import { isNull, isU8a, isUndefined, u8aToHex } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { blake2AsU8a } from '@polkadot/util-crypto';

 import Null from '../primitive/Null';
 import { typeToConstructor } from './utils';
-import Base from './Base';
+import Raw from './Raw';

 /** @internal */
 function decodeOptionU8a (registry: Registry, Type: Constructor, value: Uint8Array): Codec {
@@ -48,15 +50,17 @@ function decodeOption (registry: Registry, typeName: Constructor | keyof Interfa
 * implements that - decodes, checks for optionality and wraps the required structure
 * with a value if/as required/found.
 */
-export default class Option<T extends Codec> extends Base<T> {
+export default class Option<T extends Codec> implements Codec {
+  public readonly registry: Registry;
+
  readonly #Type: Constructor<T>;

-  constructor (registry: Registry, typeName: Constructor<T> | keyof InterfaceTypes, value?: unknown) {
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment
-    // @ts-ignore
-    super(registry, decodeOption(registry, typeName, value));
+  readonly #raw: T;

+  constructor (registry: Registry, typeName: Constructor<T> | keyof InterfaceTypes, value?: unknown) {
+    this.registry = registry;
    this.#Type = typeToConstructor(registry, typeName);
+    this.#raw = decodeOption(registry, typeName, value) as T;
  }

  public static with<O extends Codec> (Type: Constructor<O> | keyof InterfaceTypes): Constructor<Option<O>> {
@@ -72,7 +76,14 @@ export default class Option<T extends Codec> extends Base<T> {
   */
  public get encodedLength (): number {
    // boolean byte (has value, doesn't have) along with wrapped length
-    return 1 + this._raw.encodedLength;
+    return 1 + this.#raw.encodedLength;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description returns a hash of the contents
+   */
+  public get hash (): H256 {
+    return new Raw(this.registry, blake2AsU8a(this.toU8a(), 256));
  }

  /**
@@ -86,7 +97,7 @@ export default class Option<T extends Codec> extends Base<T> {
   * @description Checks if the Option has no value
   */
  public get isNone (): boolean {
-    return this._raw instanceof Null;
+    return this.#raw instanceof Null;
  }

  /**
@@ -100,7 +111,7 @@ export default class Option<T extends Codec> extends Base<T> {
   * @description The actual value for the Option
   */
  public get value (): Codec {
-    return this._raw;
+    return this.#raw;
  }

  /**
@@ -125,31 +136,52 @@ export default class Option<T extends Codec> extends Base<T> {
      : u8aToHex(this.toU8a().subarray(1));
  }

+  /**
+   * @description Converts the Object to to a human-friendly JSON, with additional fields, expansion and formatting of information
+   */
+  public toHuman (isExtended?: boolean): AnyJson {
+    return this.#raw.toHuman(isExtended);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description Converts the Object to JSON, typically used for RPC transfers
+   */
+  public toJSON (): AnyJson {
+    return this.#raw.toJSON();
+  }
+
  /**
   * @description Returns the base runtime type name for this instance
   */
  public toRawType (isBare?: boolean): string {
-    const wrapped = new this.#Type(this.registry).toRawType();
+    const wrapped = this.registry.getClassName(this.#Type) || new this.#Type(this.registry).toRawType();

    return isBare
      ? wrapped
      : `Option<${wrapped}>`;
  }

+  /**
+   * @description Returns the string representation of the value
+   */
+  public toString (): string {
+    return this.#raw.toString();
+  }
+
  /**
   * @description Encodes the value as a Uint8Array as per the SCALE specifications
   * @param isBare true when the value has none of the type-specific prefixes (internal)
   */
  public toU8a (isBare?: boolean): Uint8Array {
    if (isBare) {
-      return this._raw.toU8a(true);
+      return this.#raw.toU8a(true);
    }

    const u8a = new Uint8Array(this.encodedLength);

    if (this.isSome) {
      u8a.set([1]);
-      u8a.set(this._raw.toU8a(), 1);
+      u8a.set(this.#raw.toU8a(), 1);
    }

    return u8a;
@@ -163,7 +195,7 @@ export default class Option<T extends Codec> extends Base<T> {
      throw new Error('Option: unwrapping a None value');
    }

-    return this._raw;
+    return this.#raw;
  }

  /**
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const testEncode = (to: CodecTo, expected: any): void =>
    expect(e[to]()).toEqual(expected);
  });

-describe('U8a', (): void => {
+describe('Raw', (): void => {
  let u8a: Raw;

  beforeEach((): void => {
@@ -74,5 +74,21 @@ describe('U8a', (): void => {
    it('compares against hex inputs', (): void => {
      expect(u8a.eq('0x0102030405')).toBe(true);
    });
+
+    it('has valid isAscii', (): void => {
+      expect(u8a.isAscii).toBe(false);
+      expect(new Raw(registry, '0x2021222324').isAscii).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it('has valid toUtf8', (): void => {
+      expect(new Raw(registry, 'Приветствую, ми').toUtf8()).toEqual('Приветствую, ми');
+      expect(new Raw(registry, '0xe4bda0e5a5bd').toUtf8()).toEqual('你好');
+    });
+
+    it('throws on invalid utf8', (): void => {
+      expect(
+        () => new Raw(registry, '0x7f07b1f87709608bee603bbc79a0dfc29cd315c1351a83aa31adf7458d7d3003').toUtf8()
+      ).toThrow(/The character sequence is not a valid Utf8 string/);
+    });
  });
 });
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import { H256 } from '../interfaces/runtime';
 import { AnyJson, AnyU8a, IU8a, Registry } from '../types';

-import { isU8a, isUndefined, u8aToHex, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { assert, isAscii, isU8a, isUndefined, isUtf8, u8aToHex, u8aToString, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 import { blake2AsU8a } from '@polkadot/util-crypto';

 /** @internal */
@@ -49,11 +49,25 @@ export default class Raw extends Uint8Array implements IU8a {
    return new Raw(this.registry, blake2AsU8a(this.toU8a(), 256));
  }

+  /**
+   * @description Returns true if the wrapped value contains only ASCII printable characters
+   */
+  public get isAscii (): boolean {
+    return isAscii(this);
+  }
+
  /**
   * @description Returns true if the type wraps an empty/default all-0 value
   */
  public get isEmpty (): boolean {
-    return !this.length || isUndefined(this.find((value): boolean => !!value));
+    return !this.length || isUndefined(this.find((value) => !!value));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description Returns true if the wrapped value contains only utf8 characters
+   */
+  public get isUtf8 (): boolean {
+    return isUtf8(this);
  }

  /**
@@ -77,7 +91,7 @@ export default class Raw extends Uint8Array implements IU8a {
  public eq (other?: unknown): boolean {
    if (other instanceof Uint8Array) {
      return (this.length === other.length) &&
-        !this.some((value, index): boolean => value !== other[index]);
+        !this.some((value, index) => value !== other[index]);
    }

    return this.eq(decodeU8a(other));
@@ -135,4 +149,13 @@ export default class Raw extends Uint8Array implements IU8a {
  public toU8a (isBare?: boolean): Uint8Array {
    return Uint8Array.from(this);
  }
+
+  /**
+   * @description Returns the wrapped data as a UTF-8 string
+   */
+  public toUtf8 (): string {
+    assert(this.isUtf8, 'The character sequence is not a valid Utf8 string');
+
+    return u8aToString(this);
+  }
 }
@@ -58,6 +58,6 @@ describe('Result', (): void => {
  });

  it('returns a proper raw typedef rom a built-in', (): void => {
-    expect(registry.createType('DispatchResult').toRawType()).toEqual('Result<(),{"_enum":{"Other":"Null","CannotLookup":"Null","BadOrigin":"Null","Module":"{\\"index\\":\\"u8\\",\\"error\\":\\"u8\\"}"}}>');
+    expect(registry.createType('DispatchResult').toRawType()).toEqual('Result<(),DispatchError>');
  });
 });
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ export default class Result<O extends Codec, E extends Codec> extends Enum {
   * @description Checks if the Result has no value
   */
  public get isEmpty (): boolean {
-    return this.isOk && this._raw.isEmpty;
+    return this.isOk && this.value.isEmpty;
  }

  /**
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 /* eslint-disable sort-keys */

 import { TypeRegistry } from '../create';
-import AccountId from '../generic/AccountId';
 import Text from '../primitive/Text';
 import U32 from '../primitive/U32';
 import { CodecTo } from '../types';
@@ -221,20 +220,20 @@ describe('Struct', (): void => {
  it('generates sane toRawType', (): void => {
    expect(
      new Struct(registry, {
-        accountId: AccountId,
+        accountId: 'AccountId',
        balanceCompact: registry.createClass('Compact<Balance>'),
        blockNumber: registry.createClass('BlockNumber'),
        compactNumber: registry.createClass('Compact<BlockNumber>'),
        optionNumber: registry.createClass('Option<BlockNumber>'),
        counter: U32,
-        vector: Vec.with(AccountId)
+        vector: Vec.with('AccountId')
      }).toRawType()
    ).toEqual(JSON.stringify({
      accountId: 'AccountId',
      balanceCompact: 'Compact<Balance>', // Override in Uint
-      blockNumber: 'u32',
-      compactNumber: 'Compact<u32>',
-      optionNumber: 'Option<u32>',
+      blockNumber: 'BlockNumber',
+      compactNumber: 'Compact<BlockNumber>',
+      optionNumber: 'Option<BlockNumber>',
      counter: 'u32',
      vector: 'Vec<AccountId>'
    }));
@@ -242,7 +241,7 @@ describe('Struct', (): void => {

  it('generates sane toRawType (via with)', (): void => {
    const Type = Struct.with({
-      accountId: AccountId,
+      accountId: 'AccountId',
      balance: registry.createClass('Balance')
    });

@@ -267,11 +267,11 @@ export default class Struct<
  }

  public static typesToMap (registry: Registry, Types: Record<string, Constructor>): Record<string, string> {
-    return Object.entries(Types).reduce((result, [key, Type]): Record<string, string> => {
-      result[key] = new Type(registry).toRawType();
+    return Object.entries(Types).reduce((result: Record<string, string>, [key, Type]): Record<string, string> => {
+      result[key] = registry.getClassName(Type) || new Type(registry).toRawType();

      return result;
-    }, {} as Record<string, string>);
+    }, {});
  }

  /**
@@ -131,14 +131,14 @@ describe('Tuple', (): void => {
    it('generates sane value with array types', (): void => {
      expect(
        new Tuple(registry, [U128, registry.createClass('BlockNumber')]).toRawType()
-      ).toEqual('(u128,u32)');
+      ).toEqual('(u128,BlockNumber)');
    });

    it('generates sane value with object types', (): void => {
      expect(
        // eslint-disable-next-line sort-keys
        new Tuple(registry, { number: U128, blockNumber: registry.createClass('BlockNumber') }).toRawType()
-      ).toEqual('(u128,u32)');
+      ).toEqual('(u128,BlockNumber)');
    });
  });
 });
@@ -101,7 +101,9 @@ export default class Tuple extends AbstractArray<Codec> {
      Array.isArray(this._Types)
        ? this._Types
        : Object.values(this._Types)
-    ).map((Type): string => new Type(this.registry).toRawType());
+    ).map((Type) =>
+      this.registry.getClassName(Type) || new Type(this.registry).toRawType()
+    );

    return `(${types.join(',')})`;
  }
@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ describe('UInt', (): void => {
    ).toThrow('u32: Input too large. Found input with 164 bits, expected 32');
  });

+  it('fails on negative numbers', (): void => {
+    expect(
+      (): UInt => new UInt(registry, -123, 32)
+    ).toThrow('u32: Negative number passed to unsigned type');
+  });
+
  it('allows for construction via BigInt', (): void => {
    expect(
      new UInt(registry, 123456789123456789123456789n, 128).toHuman()
@@ -92,6 +92,6 @@ export default class Vec<T extends Codec> extends AbstractArray<T> {
   * @description Returns the base runtime type name for this instance
   */
  public toRawType (): string {
-    return `Vec<${new this._Type(this.registry).toRawType()}>`;
+    return `Vec<${this.registry.getClassName(this._Type) || new this._Type(this.registry).toRawType()}>`;
  }
 }
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@

 import { TypeDef, TypeDefInfo } from './types';

-import { getTypeDef } from '.';
+import { TypeRegistry, getTypeDef } from '.';

 describe('getTypeDef', (): void => {
  it('does not allow invalid tuples, end )', (): void => {
@@ -290,4 +290,32 @@ describe('getTypeDef', (): void => {
      type: '[[u8;32];3]'
    });
  });
+
+  it('creates recursive structures', (): void => {
+    const registry = new TypeRegistry();
+
+    registry.register({
+      Recursive: {
+        data: 'Vec<Recursive>'
+      }
+    });
+
+    const raw = registry.createType('Recursive' as 'u32').toRawType();
+
+    expect(
+      getTypeDef(raw)
+    ).toEqual({
+      info: TypeDefInfo.Struct,
+      sub: [{
+        info: TypeDefInfo.Vec,
+        name: 'data',
+        sub: {
+          info: TypeDefInfo.Plain,
+          type: 'Recursive'
+        },
+        type: 'Vec<Recursive>'
+      }],
+      type: '{"data":"Vec<Recursive>"}'
+    });
+  });
 });
@@ -9,10 +9,17 @@ import { assert } from '@polkadot/util';
 import sanitize from './sanitize';
 import { typeSplit } from './typeSplit';

+interface TypeDefOptions {
+  name?: string;
+  displayName?: string;
+}
+
+const MAX_NESTED = 64;
+
 // decode an enum of either of the following forms
 //  { _enum: ['A', 'B', 'C'] }
 //  { _enum: { A: AccountId, B: Balance, C: u32 } }
-function _decodeEnum (value: TypeDef, details: string[] | Record<string, string>): TypeDef {
+function _decodeEnum (value: TypeDef, details: string[] | Record<string, string>, count: number): TypeDef {
  value.info = TypeDefInfo.Enum;

  // not as pretty, but remain compatible with oo7 for both struct and Array types
@@ -24,7 +31,7 @@ function _decodeEnum (value: TypeDef, details: string[] | Record<string, string>
    }))
    : Object.entries(details).map(([name, type]): TypeDef =>
      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define
-      getTypeDef(type || 'Null', { name })
+      getTypeDef(type || 'Null', { name }, count)
    );

  return value;
@@ -50,13 +57,13 @@ function _decodeSet (value: TypeDef, details: Record<string, number>): TypeDef {

 // decode a struct, set or enum
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
-function _decodeStruct (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string): TypeDef {
+function _decodeStruct (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string, count: number): TypeDef {
  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment
  const parsed: Record<string, any> = JSON.parse(type);
  const keys = Object.keys(parsed);

  if (keys.length === 1 && keys[0] === '_enum') {
-    return _decodeEnum(value, parsed[keys[0]]);
+    return _decodeEnum(value, parsed[keys[0]], count);
  } else if (keys.length === 1 && keys[0] === '_set') {
    return _decodeSet(value, parsed[keys[0]]);
  }
@@ -66,7 +73,7 @@ function _decodeStruct (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string): TypeDef {
    : undefined;
  value.sub = keys.filter((name) => !['_alias'].includes(name)).map((name): TypeDef =>
    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define
-    getTypeDef(parsed[name], { name })
+    getTypeDef(parsed[name], { name }, count)
  );

  return value;
@@ -74,7 +81,7 @@ function _decodeStruct (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string): TypeDef {

 // decode a fixed vector, e.g. [u8;32]
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
-function _decodeFixedVec (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string): TypeDef {
+function _decodeFixedVec (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string, count: number): TypeDef {
  const [vecType, strLength, displayName] = type.substr(1, type.length - 2).split(';');
  const length = parseInt(strLength.trim(), 10);

@@ -84,18 +91,18 @@ function _decodeFixedVec (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string): TypeDef {
  value.displayName = displayName;
  value.length = length;
  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define
-  value.sub = getTypeDef(vecType);
+  value.sub = getTypeDef(vecType, {}, count);

  return value;
 }

 // decode a tuple
-function _decodeTuple (value: TypeDef, _: string, subType: string): TypeDef {
+function _decodeTuple (value: TypeDef, _: string, subType: string, count: number): TypeDef {
  value.sub = subType.length === 0
    ? []
    : typeSplit(subType).map((inner): TypeDef =>
      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define
-      getTypeDef(inner)
+      getTypeDef(inner, {}, count)
    );

  return value;
@@ -103,7 +110,7 @@ function _decodeTuple (value: TypeDef, _: string, subType: string): TypeDef {

 // decode a Int/UInt<bitLength[, name]>
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
-function _decodeInt (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string, clazz: 'Int' | 'UInt' = 'Int'): TypeDef {
+function _decodeAnyInt (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string, clazz: 'Int' | 'UInt'): TypeDef {
  const [strLength, displayName] = type.substr(clazz.length + 1, type.length - clazz.length - 1 - 1).split(',');
  const length = parseInt(strLength.trim(), 10);

@@ -116,8 +123,12 @@ function _decodeInt (value: TypeDef, type: string, _: string, clazz: 'Int' | 'UI
  return value;
 }

+function _decodeInt (value: TypeDef, type: string, subType: string): TypeDef {
+  return _decodeAnyInt(value, type, subType, 'Int');
+}
+
 function _decodeUInt (value: TypeDef, type: string, subType: string): TypeDef {
-  return _decodeInt(value, type, subType, 'UInt');
+  return _decodeAnyInt(value, type, subType, 'UInt');
 }

 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
@@ -139,7 +150,7 @@ function hasWrapper (type: string, [start, end]: [string, string, TypeDefInfo, a
  return true;
 }

-const nestedExtraction: [string, string, TypeDefInfo, (value: TypeDef, type: string, subType: string) => TypeDef][] = [
+const nestedExtraction: [string, string, TypeDefInfo, (value: TypeDef, type: string, subType: string, count: number) => TypeDef][] = [
  ['[', ']', TypeDefInfo.VecFixed, _decodeFixedVec],
  ['{', '}', TypeDefInfo.Struct, _decodeStruct],
  ['(', ')', TypeDefInfo.Tuple, _decodeTuple],
@@ -164,15 +175,17 @@ function extractSubType (type: string, [start, end]: [string, string, TypeDefInf
  return type.substr(start.length, type.length - start.length - end.length);
 }

-interface TypeDefOptions {
-  name?: string;
-  displayName?: string;
-}
-
-export function getTypeDef (_type: string, { displayName, name }: TypeDefOptions = {}): TypeDef {
+export function getTypeDef (_type: string, { displayName, name }: TypeDefOptions = {}, count = 0): TypeDef {
  // create the type via Type, allowing types to be sanitized
  const type = sanitize(_type);
  const value: TypeDef = { displayName, info: TypeDefInfo.Plain, name, type };
+
+  if (++count === MAX_NESTED) {
+    console.warn('getTypeDef: Maximum nested limit reached');
+
+    return value;
+  }
+
  const nested = nestedExtraction.find((nested): boolean =>
    hasWrapper(type, nested)
  );
@@ -180,7 +193,7 @@ export function getTypeDef (_type: string, { displayName, name }: TypeDefOptions
  if (nested) {
    value.info = nested[2];

-    return nested[3](value, type, extractSubType(type, nested));
+    return nested[3](value, type, extractSubType(type, nested), count);
  }

  const wrapped = wrappedExtraction.find((wrapped): boolean =>
@@ -189,7 +202,7 @@ export function getTypeDef (_type: string, { displayName, name }: TypeDefOptions

  if (wrapped) {
    value.info = wrapped[2];
-    value.sub = getTypeDef(extractSubType(type, wrapped));
+    value.sub = getTypeDef(extractSubType(type, wrapped), {}, count);
  }

  return value;
@@ -76,7 +76,35 @@ describe('TypeRegistry', (): void => {
      expect((first as any).next.unwrap().next.isSome).toBe(false);
    });

-    it('can register cross-referencing types ()', (): void => {
+    it('can register non-embedded recursive types', (): void => {
+      registry.register({
+        Operation: {
+          data: 'OperationData'
+        },
+        OperationData: {
+          ops: 'Vec<Operation>'
+        },
+        Rule: {
+          data: 'RuleData'
+        },
+        RuleData: {
+          ops: 'Vec<Operation>'
+        }
+      });
+
+      expect(registry.hasDef('Rule')).toBe(true);
+      expect(registry.hasClass('Rule')).toBe(false);
+
+      const Rule = registry.getOrThrow('Rule');
+
+      expect(registry.hasClass('Rule')).toBe(true);
+
+      const instance = new Rule(registry);
+
+      expect(instance.toRawType()).toEqual('{"data":"RuleData"}');
+    });
+
+    it('can register cross-referencing types', (): void => {
      registry.register({
        A: {
          next: 'B'
@@ -225,6 +225,14 @@ export class TypeRegistry implements Registry {
    return this.#chainProperties;
  }

+  public getClassName (clazz: Constructor): string | undefined {
+    const entry = [...this.#classes.entries()].find(([, test]) => test === clazz);
+
+    return entry
+      ? entry[0]
+      : undefined;
+  }
+
  public getDefinition (name: string): string | undefined {
    return this.#definitions.get(name);
  }
@@ -24,15 +24,7 @@ describe('Block', (): void => {
    ).toEqual(
      // each of the containing structures have been stringified on their own
      JSON.stringify({
-        header: JSON.stringify({
-          parentHash: 'H256',
-          number: 'Compact<u32>',
-          stateRoot: 'H256',
-          extrinsicsRoot: 'H256',
-          digest: JSON.stringify({
-            logs: 'Vec<{"_enum":{"Other":"Bytes","AuthoritiesChange":"Vec<AccountId>","ChangesTrieRoot":"H256","SealV0":"(u64,H512)","Consensus":"(u32,Bytes)","Seal":"(u32,Bytes)","PreRuntime":"(u32,Bytes)"}}>'
-          })
-        }),
+        header: 'Header',
        extrinsics: 'Vec<Extrinsic>'
      })
    );
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ export { default as vesting } from './vesting/definitions';
 export { default as attestations } from './attestations/definitions';
 export { default as claims } from './claims/definitions';
 export { default as parachains } from './parachains/definitions';
+export { default as poll } from './poll/definitions';

 // pull in metadata & rpc last, assuming that is uses info from above
 export { default as metadata } from './metadata/definitions';
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2020 @polkadot/types authors & contributors
+// This software may be modified and distributed under the terms
+// of the Apache-2.0 license. See the LICENSE file for details.
+
+// order important in structs... :)
+/* eslint-disable sort-keys */
+
+import { Definitions } from '../../types';
+
+export default {
+  rpc: {},
+  types: {
+    Approvals: '[bool; 4]'
+  }
+} as Definitions;
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// Auto-generated via `yarn polkadot-types-from-defs`, do not edit
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+export * from './types';
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// Auto-generated via `yarn polkadot-types-from-defs`, do not edit
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+import { Vec } from '@polkadot/types/codec';
+import { bool } from '@polkadot/types/primitive';
+
+/** @name Approvals */
+export interface Approvals extends Vec<bool> {}
+
+export type PHANTOM_POLL = 'poll';
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ export default {
    LookupTarget: 'AccountId',
    ModuleId: 'LockIdentifier',
    Moment: 'u64',
+    OpaqueCall: 'Bytes',
    Origin: 'DoNotConstruct<Origin>',
    Pays: {
      _enum: ['Yes', 'No']
@@ -133,6 +133,9 @@ export interface ModuleId extends LockIdentifier {}
 /** @name Moment */
 export interface Moment extends u64 {}

+/** @name OpaqueCall */
+export interface OpaqueCall extends Bytes {}
+
 /** @name Origin */
 export interface Origin extends DoNotConstruct {}

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ export * from './vesting/types';
 export * from './attestations/types';
 export * from './claims/types';
 export * from './parachains/types';
+export * from './poll/types';
 export * from './metadata/types';
 export * from './rpc/types';
 export * from './author/types';
@@ -67,11 +67,11 @@ export default class Data extends Enum {
  }

  get asRaw (): Bytes {
-    return this._raw as Bytes;
+    return this.value as Bytes;
  }

  get asSha256 (): H256 {
-    return this._raw as H256;
+    return this.value as H256;
  }

  get isRaw (): boolean {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ export default class Data extends Enum {
      return new Uint8Array(1);
    } else if (this.index === 1) {
      // don't add the length, just the data
-      const data = this._raw.toU8a(true);
+      const data = this.value.toU8a(true);
      const length = Math.min(data.length, 32);
      const u8a = new Uint8Array(length + 1);

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ export default class Data extends Enum {
    const u8a = new Uint8Array(33);

    u8a.set([this.index + 32], 0);
-    u8a.set(this._raw.toU8a(), 1);
+    u8a.set(this.value.toU8a(), 1);

    return u8a;
  }
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ export interface Registry {
  createType <K extends keyof InterfaceTypes> (type: K, ...params: unknown[]): InterfaceTypes[K];
  get <T extends Codec = Codec> (name: string, withUnknown?: boolean): Constructor<T> | undefined;
  getChainProperties (): ChainProperties | undefined;
+  getClassName (clazz: Constructor): string | undefined;
  getDefinition (name: string): string | undefined;
  getOrThrow <T extends Codec = Codec> (name: string, msg?: string): Constructor<T>;
  getOrUnknown <T extends Codec = Codec> (name: string): Constructor<T>;
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Github Actions	8c73cd7d6e	[CI Skip] release/stable 1.24.1 skip-checks: true	2020-07-13 09:49:07 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	36232c0289	1.24 (#2421 )	2020-07-13 11:38:47 +02:00
Github Actions	50d4e0397f	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.24.0-beta.2 skip-checks: true	2020-07-10 13:28:14 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	539a8c4cb5	Types for poll module (#2418 )	2020-07-10 15:17:03 +02:00
Github Actions	b849976b3b	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.24.0-beta.1 skip-checks: true	2020-07-08 14:35:48 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	2395401a2b	Raw/Bytes isUtf8 & assert in toUtf8 (#2414 )	2020-07-08 16:24:13 +02:00
Github Actions	0e1bbd5cac	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.24.0-beta.0 skip-checks: true	2020-07-08 12:57:36 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	e9489d41cb	Raw isAscii & toUtf8 (#2413 ) * Raw isAscii & toUtf8 * Tests for isAscii & toUtf8 * Cleanup return types	2020-07-08 14:46:12 +02:00
Github Actions	63483b9db7	[CI Skip] release/stable 1.23.1 skip-checks: true	2020-07-06 05:45:32 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	b26c7f9f0a	1.23.1 (ith version bump)	2020-07-06 07:31:36 +02:00
Github Actions	a165c9375c	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.23.0-beta.7 skip-checks: true	2020-07-06 05:27:04 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	28631f7180	1.23 (#2411 )	2020-07-06 07:15:07 +02:00
Github Actions	6489251b47	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.23.0-beta.6 skip-checks: true	2020-07-03 15:34:13 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	66884febea	Add OpaqueCall type (#2408 )	2020-07-03 17:22:02 +02:00
Github Actions	8058dc350f	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.23.0-beta.5 skip-checks: true	2020-07-03 10:05:48 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	63096cc238	Remove unneeded base extends (#2407 ) * Remove unneeded base extends * CHANGELOG * Result with value on enum	2020-07-03 11:55:39 +02:00
Github Actions	05600c0cd0	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.23.0-beta.4 skip-checks: true	2020-07-03 09:46:07 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	eed5e23e65	Validate number sign in AbstractInt (#2406 )	2020-07-03 11:33:30 +02:00
Github Actions	cdf5b15673	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.23.0-beta.3 skip-checks: true	2020-07-02 05:27:15 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	1922676bd7	Bump deps (#2404 )	2020-07-02 07:14:08 +02:00
Github Actions	b6c427e985	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.23.0-beta.2 skip-checks: true	2020-07-01 15:55:54 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	0327aedf8e	Update ProxyType for Kusama, Polkadot & Westend (#2403 ) * Update ProxyType fro Kusama, Polkadot & Westend * CHANGELOG	2020-07-01 17:42:22 +02:00
Github Actions	d7035cebb1	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.23.0-beta.1 skip-checks: true	2020-07-01 11:51:42 +00:00
Daniel Maricic	8b492021af	Fixed typo in README (#2402 )	2020-07-01 13:39:07 +02:00
Github Actions	6a01fc7c8c	[CI Skip] release/beta 1.23.0-beta.0 skip-checks: true	2020-07-01 05:58:34 +00:00
Jaco Greeff	bbc30ec9dc	Cross-referencing type failure (#2400 ) * Cross-referencing type failure * typo * Adjust toRawType() with name from registry * Rewrite yarn.lock * Adjustments * Test adjustments	2020-07-01 07:47:21 +02:00