Prefer releases.openai.com in standalone installers (#34910)

## What changed

- Make the shell and PowerShell installers download release metadata and assets from `releases.openai.com` by default, with bounded request timeouts.
- Fall back to GitHub Releases when metadata is unusable, required assets are missing, or downloaded assets fail checksum or manifest validation.
- Document `CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM=false` for opting out of the default release source.

## Testing

- Cover default-source installation, malformed and incomplete metadata, version mismatches, corrupt assets, invalid checksums, incomplete manifests, and GitHub fallback failures in the shell installer tests.

GitOrigin-RevId: 1c65d527ca79761358c3a4cd7a5fd675e1ef75b2

README.md

@@ -25,6 +25,16 @@ Run the following on Windows to install Codex CLI:
 powershell -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -c "irm https://chatgpt.com/codex/install.ps1 | iex"
 ```
 
+The standalone installers download from `https://releases.openai.com/codex` by default and fall back to GitHub Releases if a metadata or asset download is unavailable. To force GitHub Releases, set `CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM` to `false` (`0` and `no` are also accepted):
+
+```shell
+curl -fsSL https://chatgpt.com/codex/install.sh | CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM=false sh
+```
+
+```powershell
+$env:CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM='false'; irm https://chatgpt.com/codex/install.ps1 | iex
+```
+
 Codex CLI can also be installed via the following package managers:
 
 ```shell

scripts/install/install.ps1

@@ -12,13 +12,15 @@ if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($Release)) {
 }
 
 $NonInteractive = $env:CODEX_NON_INTERACTIVE -match "^(?i:1|true|yes)$"
-$DefaultPreferReleasesOpenAICom = $false
+$DefaultPreferReleasesOpenAICom = $true
 $PreferReleasesOpenAICom = if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($env:CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM)) {
     $DefaultPreferReleasesOpenAICom
 } else {
     $env:CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM -match "^(?i:1|true|yes)$"
 }
 $ReleasesBaseUri = "https://releases.openai.com/codex"
+$ReleasesMetadataTimeoutSec = 30
+$ReleasesAssetTimeoutSec = 300
 
 function Write-Step {
     param(
@@ -111,17 +113,45 @@ function Find-ReleaseAssetMetadata {
 function Invoke-WebRequestWithFallback {
     param(
         [object]$Metadata,
-        [string]$OutFile
+        [string]$OutFile,
+        [string]$ExpectedDigest,
+        [string]$AssetName,
+        [string]$ReleaseVersion,
+        [string]$RequiredManifestAsset
     )
 
     try {
-        Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $Metadata.Url -OutFile $OutFile
+        if ($Metadata.Url.StartsWith("$ReleasesBaseUri/", [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)) {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $Metadata.Url -OutFile $OutFile -TimeoutSec $ReleasesAssetTimeoutSec
+        } else {
+            Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $Metadata.Url -OutFile $OutFile
+        }
+        Test-ArchiveDigest -ArchivePath $OutFile -ExpectedDigest $ExpectedDigest
+        if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($RequiredManifestAsset)) {
+            $null = Get-PackageArchiveDigest -ManifestPath $OutFile -AssetName $RequiredManifestAsset
+        }
     } catch {
         if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($Metadata.FallbackUrl)) {
             throw
         }
-        Write-WarningStep "Could not download $($Metadata.Url); retrying from GitHub Releases."
+        Write-WarningStep "Could not download or verify $($Metadata.Url); retrying from GitHub Releases."
         Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $Metadata.FallbackUrl -OutFile $OutFile
+        try {
+            Test-ArchiveDigest -ArchivePath $OutFile -ExpectedDigest $ExpectedDigest
+            if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($RequiredManifestAsset)) {
+                $null = Get-PackageArchiveDigest -ManifestPath $OutFile -AssetName $RequiredManifestAsset
+            }
+        } catch {
+            $githubRelease = Resolve-ReleaseFromGitHub -NormalizedVersion $ReleaseVersion
+            $githubAssetMetadata = Find-ReleaseAssetMetadata -AssetName $AssetName -ReleaseMetadata $githubRelease.Metadata
+            if ($null -eq $githubAssetMetadata) {
+                throw "Could not find GitHub release metadata for asset $AssetName."
+            }
+            Test-ArchiveDigest -ArchivePath $OutFile -ExpectedDigest $githubAssetMetadata.Sha256
+            if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($RequiredManifestAsset)) {
+                $null = Get-PackageArchiveDigest -ManifestPath $OutFile -AssetName $RequiredManifestAsset
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -337,25 +367,22 @@ function Resolve-ReleaseFromReleases {
         "$ReleasesBaseUri/releases/$NormalizedVersion/release.json"
     }
     try {
-        $metadataResponse = Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $metadataUri
+        $metadataResponse = Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $metadataUri -TimeoutSec $ReleasesMetadataTimeoutSec
+        $releaseMetadata = [string]$metadataResponse.Content | ConvertFrom-Json -ErrorAction Stop
+        $resolvedVersion = Resolve-VersionFromReleaseMetadata -ReleaseMetadata $releaseMetadata
+        if ($NormalizedVersion -ne "latest" -and $resolvedVersion -cne $NormalizedVersion) {
+            throw "Release metadata version did not match requested Codex version $NormalizedVersion."
+        }
+        $resolvedRelease = [PSCustomObject]@{
+            Version = $resolvedVersion
+            Metadata = $releaseMetadata
+            Source = "ReleasesOpenAICom"
+        }
+        $null = Resolve-ReleaseAssetSelection -ResolvedRelease $resolvedRelease -Target $target -NpmTag $npmTag
     } catch {
         return $null
     }
-    try {
-        $releaseMetadata = [string]$metadataResponse.Content | ConvertFrom-Json -ErrorAction Stop
-    } catch {
-        throw "Invalid release metadata from releases.openai.com."
-    }
-
-    $resolvedVersion = Resolve-VersionFromReleaseMetadata -ReleaseMetadata $releaseMetadata
-    if ($NormalizedVersion -ne "latest" -and $resolvedVersion -cne $NormalizedVersion) {
-        throw "Release metadata version did not match requested Codex version $NormalizedVersion."
-    }
-    return [PSCustomObject]@{
-        Version = $resolvedVersion
-        Metadata = $releaseMetadata
-        Source = "ReleasesOpenAICom"
-    }
+    return $resolvedRelease
 }
 
 function Resolve-Release {
@@ -932,14 +959,12 @@ try {
 
             Write-Step "Downloading Codex CLI"
             if ($installLayout -eq "Package") {
-                Invoke-WebRequestWithFallback -Metadata $checksumMetadata -OutFile $checksumPath
-                Test-ArchiveDigest -ArchivePath $checksumPath -ExpectedDigest $checksumMetadata.Sha256
+                Invoke-WebRequestWithFallback -Metadata $checksumMetadata -OutFile $checksumPath -ExpectedDigest $checksumMetadata.Sha256 -AssetName $checksumAsset -ReleaseVersion $resolvedVersion -RequiredManifestAsset $packageAsset
                 $expectedPackageDigest = Get-PackageArchiveDigest -ManifestPath $checksumPath -AssetName $packageAsset
             } else {
                 $expectedPackageDigest = $packageMetadata.Sha256
             }
-            Invoke-WebRequestWithFallback -Metadata $packageMetadata -OutFile $archivePath
-            Test-ArchiveDigest -ArchivePath $archivePath -ExpectedDigest $expectedPackageDigest
+            Invoke-WebRequestWithFallback -Metadata $packageMetadata -OutFile $archivePath -ExpectedDigest $expectedPackageDigest -AssetName $packageAsset -ReleaseVersion $resolvedVersion
 
             New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $releasesDir | Out-Null
             if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $stagingDir) {

scripts/install/install.sh

@@ -4,9 +4,12 @@ set -eu
 
 RELEASE="${CODEX_RELEASE:-latest}"
 NON_INTERACTIVE="${CODEX_NON_INTERACTIVE:-false}"
-DEFAULT_PREFER_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM="false"
+DEFAULT_PREFER_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM="true"
 PREFER_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM="${CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM:-$DEFAULT_PREFER_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM}"
 RELEASES_BASE_URL="https://releases.openai.com/codex"
+RELEASES_CONNECT_TIMEOUT=10
+RELEASES_METADATA_TIMEOUT=30
+RELEASES_ASSET_TIMEOUT=300
 release_source="github"
 
 BIN_DIR="${CODEX_INSTALL_DIR:-$HOME/.local/bin}"
@@ -61,7 +64,7 @@ validate_version() {
 
   if ! printf '%s\n' "$version" | grep -Eq '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-alpha(\.[0-9]+){0,2}|-beta(\.[0-9]+)?)?$'; then
     echo "Invalid Codex release version: $version. Expected latest or x.y.z[-alpha[.N[.M]]|-beta[.N]]." >&2
-    exit 1
+    return 1
   fi
 }
 
@@ -83,6 +86,8 @@ Usage: install.sh [--release VERSION]
 Environment:
   CODEX_RELEASE          Version to install; overridden by --release.
   CODEX_NON_INTERACTIVE  Set to 1, true, or yes to skip prompts.
+  CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM
+                         Set to 0, false, or no to use GitHub Releases.
 EOF
         exit 0
         ;;
@@ -100,12 +105,26 @@ download_file() {
   output="$2"
 
   if command -v curl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    curl -fsSL "$url" -o "$output"
+    case "$url" in
+      "$RELEASES_BASE_URL"/*)
+        curl -fsSL --connect-timeout "$RELEASES_CONNECT_TIMEOUT" --max-time "$RELEASES_ASSET_TIMEOUT" "$url" -o "$output"
+        ;;
+      *)
+        curl -fsSL "$url" -o "$output"
+        ;;
+    esac
     return
   fi
 
   if command -v wget >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    wget -q -O "$output" "$url"
+    case "$url" in
+      "$RELEASES_BASE_URL"/*)
+        wget -q -t 1 -T "$RELEASES_ASSET_TIMEOUT" -O "$output" "$url"
+        ;;
+      *)
+        wget -q -O "$output" "$url"
+        ;;
+    esac
     return
   fi
 
@@ -117,12 +136,26 @@ download_text() {
   url="$1"
 
   if command -v curl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    curl -fsSL "$url"
+    case "$url" in
+      "$RELEASES_BASE_URL"/*)
+        curl -fsSL --connect-timeout "$RELEASES_CONNECT_TIMEOUT" --max-time "$RELEASES_METADATA_TIMEOUT" "$url"
+        ;;
+      *)
+        curl -fsSL "$url"
+        ;;
+    esac
     return
   fi
 
   if command -v wget >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    wget -q -O - "$url"
+    case "$url" in
+      "$RELEASES_BASE_URL"/*)
+        wget -q -t 1 -T "$RELEASES_METADATA_TIMEOUT" -O - "$url"
+        ;;
+      *)
+        wget -q -O - "$url"
+        ;;
+    esac
     return
   fi
 
@@ -134,8 +167,13 @@ download_file_with_fallback() {
   primary_url="$1"
   fallback_url="$2"
   output="$3"
+  expected_digest="$4"
+  fallback_asset="$5"
+  required_manifest_asset="${6:-}"
 
-  if download_file "$primary_url" "$output"; then
+  if download_file "$primary_url" "$output" &&
+    verify_archive_digest "$output" "$expected_digest" &&
+    { [ -z "$required_manifest_asset" ] || package_archive_digest "$required_manifest_asset" "$output" >/dev/null; }; then
     return
   fi
 
@@ -143,8 +181,19 @@ download_file_with_fallback() {
     return 1
   fi
 
-  warn "Could not download $primary_url; retrying from GitHub Releases."
+  warn "Could not download or verify $primary_url; retrying from GitHub Releases."
   download_file "$fallback_url" "$output"
+  if verify_archive_digest "$output" "$expected_digest" &&
+    { [ -z "$required_manifest_asset" ] || package_archive_digest "$required_manifest_asset" "$output" >/dev/null; }; then
+    return
+  fi
+
+  resolve_release_from_github "$resolved_version"
+  fallback_digest="$(release_asset_digest "$fallback_asset")"
+  verify_archive_digest "$output" "$fallback_digest"
+  if [ -n "$required_manifest_asset" ]; then
+    package_archive_digest "$required_manifest_asset" "$output" >/dev/null
+  fi
 }
 
 parse_release_metadata() {
@@ -279,7 +328,7 @@ parse_downloaded_release_metadata() {
   source_name="$2"
   if ! release_metadata="$(printf '%s\n' "$release_json" | parse_release_metadata)"; then
     echo "Could not parse $source_name release metadata for Codex $requested_release." >&2
-    exit 1
+    return 1
   fi
 }
 
@@ -291,7 +340,7 @@ resolve_metadata_version() {
   esac
   if [ -z "$metadata_version" ]; then
     echo "Failed to resolve the latest Codex release version." >&2
-    exit 1
+    return 1
   fi
   validate_version "$metadata_version"
 }
@@ -337,11 +386,15 @@ resolve_release_from_releases() {
     return 1
   fi
 
-  parse_downloaded_release_metadata "$requested_release" "releases.openai.com"
-  resolve_metadata_version
+  if ! parse_downloaded_release_metadata "$requested_release" "releases.openai.com"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if ! resolve_metadata_version; then
+    return 1
+  fi
   if [ "$normalized_version" != "latest" ] && [ "$metadata_version" != "$normalized_version" ]; then
     echo "Release metadata version did not match requested Codex version $normalized_version." >&2
-    exit 1
+    return 1
   fi
   resolved_version="$metadata_version"
   release_source="releases.openai.com"
@@ -353,7 +406,8 @@ resolve_release() {
 
   case "$PREFER_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM" in
     1 | [Tt][Rr][Uu][Ee] | [Yy][Ee][Ss])
-      if resolve_release_from_releases "$normalized_version"; then
+      if resolve_release_from_releases "$normalized_version" &&
+        select_release_assets; then
         return
       fi
       warn "releases.openai.com is unavailable; falling back to GitHub Releases."
@@ -361,6 +415,7 @@ resolve_release() {
   esac
 
   resolve_release_from_github "$normalized_version"
+  select_release_assets
 }
 
 release_asset_digest_or_empty() {
@@ -375,7 +430,11 @@ release_asset_digest_or_empty() {
 
   case "$digest" in
     sha256:????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????)
-      printf '%s\n' "${digest#sha256:}"
+      digest="${digest#sha256:}"
+      case "$digest" in
+        *[!0-9a-fA-F]*) return 1 ;;
+      esac
+      printf '%s\n' "$digest"
       ;;
     *)
       return 1
@@ -416,7 +475,7 @@ select_release_assets() {
     asset="codex-npm-$npm_tag-$resolved_version.tgz"
   else
     echo "Could not find Codex package or platform npm release assets for Codex $resolved_version." >&2
-    exit 1
+    return 1
   fi
 
   if [ "$release_source" = "releases.openai.com" ]; then
@@ -453,7 +512,7 @@ package_archive_digest() {
 
   if [ -z "$digest" ]; then
     echo "Could not find SHA-256 digest for $asset in codex-package_SHA256SUMS." >&2
-    exit 1
+    return 1
   fi
 
   printf '%s\n' "$digest"
@@ -490,7 +549,7 @@ verify_archive_digest() {
     echo "Downloaded Codex archive checksum did not match expected digest." >&2
     echo "expected: $expected_digest" >&2
     echo "actual:   $actual_digest" >&2
-    exit 1
+    return 1
   fi
 }
 
@@ -1066,7 +1125,6 @@ else
 fi
 
 resolve_release
-select_release_assets
 release_name="$resolved_version-$vendor_target"
 release_dir="$RELEASES_DIR/$release_name"
 current_version="$(current_installed_version)"
@@ -1106,14 +1164,12 @@ if ! release_dir_is_complete "$release_dir" "$resolved_version" "$vendor_target"
   step "Downloading Codex CLI"
   if [ "$install_layout" = "package" ]; then
     checksum_digest="$(release_asset_digest "$checksum_asset")"
-    download_file_with_fallback "$checksum_url" "$checksum_fallback_url" "$checksum_path"
-    verify_archive_digest "$checksum_path" "$checksum_digest"
+    download_file_with_fallback "$checksum_url" "$checksum_fallback_url" "$checksum_path" "$checksum_digest" "$checksum_asset" "$asset"
     expected_digest="$(package_archive_digest "$asset" "$checksum_path")"
   else
     expected_digest="$(release_asset_digest "$asset")"
   fi
-  download_file_with_fallback "$download_url" "$download_fallback_url" "$archive_path"
-  verify_archive_digest "$archive_path" "$expected_digest"
+  download_file_with_fallback "$download_url" "$download_fallback_url" "$archive_path" "$expected_digest" "$asset"
 
   step "Installing standalone package to $release_dir"
   if [ "$install_layout" = "package" ]; then

scripts/install/test_install_sh.py

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ class InstallShTest(unittest.TestCase):
         )
         self.assertNotIn("Could not find Codex package", result.stderr)
 
-    def test_exact_release_fetches_metadata_once(self) -> None:
-        result, requests = run_installer(VERSION)
+    def test_exact_release_opt_out_uses_github_metadata_once(self) -> None:
+        result, requests = run_installer(VERSION, use_mirror=False)
 
         self.assertNotEqual(result.returncode, 0)
         self.assertEqual(
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ class InstallShTest(unittest.TestCase):
             )
             self.assertTrue(os.access(host_path, os.X_OK))
 
-    def test_releases_latest_installs_verified_package(self) -> None:
+    def test_releases_latest_installs_verified_package_by_default(self) -> None:
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
             root = Path(temp_dir)
             archive_path, checksum_path, metadata_json = create_package_release(root)
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ class InstallShTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 archive_path=archive_path,
                 checksum_path=checksum_path,
                 force_macos=True,
-                use_releases=True,
+                use_mirror=None,
             )
 
             self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
@@ -156,6 +156,101 @@ class InstallShTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 ],
             )
 
+    def test_releases_unusable_metadata_falls_back_to_github(self) -> None:
+        unusable_metadata = {
+            "html": "<html>proxy error</html>",
+            "empty": "",
+            "malformed_json": '{"tag_name":',
+            "missing_tag": json.dumps({"assets": []}),
+            "missing_assets": json.dumps(
+                {"tag_name": f"rust-v{VERSION}", "assets": []}
+            ),
+            "invalid_checksum_digest": json.dumps(
+                {
+                    "tag_name": f"rust-v{VERSION}",
+                    "assets": [
+                        {
+                            "name": "codex-package-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
+                            "digest": "sha256:" + "a" * 64,
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                            "digest": "sha256:" + "z" * 64,
+                        },
+                    ],
+                }
+            ),
+            "invalid_version": json.dumps({"tag_name": "rust-vinvalid"}),
+        }
+
+        for name, releases_metadata_json in unusable_metadata.items():
+            with self.subTest(metadata=name):
+                with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+                    root = Path(temp_dir)
+                    archive_path, checksum_path, metadata_json = create_package_release(
+                        root
+                    )
+
+                    result, requests = run_installer_in(
+                        root,
+                        "latest",
+                        metadata_json=metadata_json,
+                        releases_metadata_json=releases_metadata_json,
+                        archive_path=archive_path,
+                        checksum_path=checksum_path,
+                        force_macos=True,
+                        use_mirror=None,
+                    )
+
+                    self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
+                    self.assertEqual(
+                        requests,
+                        [
+                            "https://releases.openai.com/codex/channels/latest",
+                            "https://api.github.com/repos/openai/codex/releases/latest",
+                            "https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/"
+                            f"rust-v{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                            "https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/"
+                            f"rust-v{VERSION}/codex-package-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
+                        ],
+                    )
+                    self.assertIn("falling back to GitHub Releases", result.stderr)
+
+    def test_releases_exact_metadata_version_mismatch_falls_back_to_github(
+        self,
+    ) -> None:
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            root = Path(temp_dir)
+            archive_path, checksum_path, metadata_json = create_package_release(root)
+            releases_metadata = json.loads(metadata_json)
+            releases_metadata["tag_name"] = f"rust-v{MISMATCH_VERSION}"
+
+            result, requests = run_installer_in(
+                root,
+                VERSION,
+                metadata_json=metadata_json,
+                releases_metadata_json=json.dumps(releases_metadata),
+                archive_path=archive_path,
+                checksum_path=checksum_path,
+                force_macos=True,
+                use_mirror=None,
+            )
+
+            self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
+            self.assertEqual(
+                requests,
+                [
+                    f"https://releases.openai.com/codex/releases/{VERSION}/release.json",
+                    "https://api.github.com/repos/openai/codex/releases/tags/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}",
+                    "https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                    "https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}/codex-package-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
+                ],
+            )
+            self.assertIn("falling back to GitHub Releases", result.stderr)
+
     def test_releases_asset_download_falls_back_to_github(self) -> None:
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
             root = Path(temp_dir)
@@ -168,7 +263,7 @@ class InstallShTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 archive_path=archive_path,
                 checksum_path=checksum_path,
                 force_macos=True,
-                use_releases=True,
+                use_mirror=None,
                 releases_mode="asset_fallback",
             )
 
@@ -187,6 +282,147 @@ class InstallShTest(unittest.TestCase):
             )
             self.assertIn("retrying from GitHub Releases", result.stderr)
 
+    def test_releases_corrupt_assets_fall_back_to_github(self) -> None:
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            root = Path(temp_dir)
+            archive_path, checksum_path, metadata_json = create_package_release(root)
+
+            result, requests = run_installer_in(
+                root,
+                "latest",
+                metadata_json=metadata_json,
+                archive_path=archive_path,
+                checksum_path=checksum_path,
+                force_macos=True,
+                use_mirror=None,
+                releases_mode="corrupt_assets",
+            )
+
+            self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
+            self.assertEqual(
+                requests,
+                [
+                    "https://releases.openai.com/codex/channels/latest",
+                    f"https://releases.openai.com/codex/releases/{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                    "https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                    f"https://releases.openai.com/codex/releases/{VERSION}/codex-package-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
+                    "https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}/codex-package-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
+                ],
+            )
+            self.assertIn("checksum did not match expected digest", result.stderr)
+            self.assertIn("retrying from GitHub Releases", result.stderr)
+
+    def test_releases_wrong_checksum_digest_uses_github_metadata(self) -> None:
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            root = Path(temp_dir)
+            archive_path, checksum_path, metadata_json = create_package_release(root)
+            mirror_metadata = json.loads(metadata_json)
+            for release_asset in mirror_metadata["assets"]:
+                if release_asset["name"] == "codex-package_SHA256SUMS":
+                    release_asset["digest"] = "sha256:" + "0" * 64
+
+            result, requests = run_installer_in(
+                root,
+                "latest",
+                metadata_json=metadata_json,
+                releases_metadata_json=json.dumps(mirror_metadata),
+                archive_path=archive_path,
+                checksum_path=checksum_path,
+                force_macos=True,
+                use_mirror=None,
+            )
+
+            self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
+            self.assertEqual(
+                requests,
+                [
+                    "https://releases.openai.com/codex/channels/latest",
+                    f"https://releases.openai.com/codex/releases/{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                    "https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                    "https://api.github.com/repos/openai/codex/releases/tags/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}",
+                    f"https://releases.openai.com/codex/releases/{VERSION}/codex-package-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
+                ],
+            )
+            self.assertIn("checksum did not match expected digest", result.stderr)
+
+    def test_releases_incomplete_checksum_manifest_falls_back_to_github(self) -> None:
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            root = Path(temp_dir)
+            archive_path, checksum_path, metadata_json = create_package_release(root)
+            mirror_checksum_path = root / "mirror-SHA256SUMS"
+            mirror_checksum_path.write_text(
+                f"{'a' * 64}  codex-package-other-platform.tar.gz\n",
+                encoding="utf-8",
+            )
+            mirror_metadata = json.loads(metadata_json)
+            for release_asset in mirror_metadata["assets"]:
+                if release_asset["name"] == "codex-package_SHA256SUMS":
+                    release_asset["digest"] = (
+                        "sha256:"
+                        + hashlib.sha256(mirror_checksum_path.read_bytes()).hexdigest()
+                    )
+
+            result, requests = run_installer_in(
+                root,
+                "latest",
+                metadata_json=metadata_json,
+                releases_metadata_json=json.dumps(mirror_metadata),
+                archive_path=archive_path,
+                checksum_path=checksum_path,
+                releases_checksum_path=mirror_checksum_path,
+                force_macos=True,
+                use_mirror=None,
+            )
+
+            self.assertEqual(result.returncode, 0, result.stderr)
+            self.assertEqual(
+                requests,
+                [
+                    "https://releases.openai.com/codex/channels/latest",
+                    f"https://releases.openai.com/codex/releases/{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                    "https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                    "https://api.github.com/repos/openai/codex/releases/tags/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}",
+                    f"https://releases.openai.com/codex/releases/{VERSION}/codex-package-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
+                ],
+            )
+            self.assertIn("retrying from GitHub Releases", result.stderr)
+
+    def test_releases_corrupt_github_fallback_still_fails(self) -> None:
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
+            root = Path(temp_dir)
+            archive_path, checksum_path, metadata_json = create_package_release(root)
+
+            result, requests = run_installer_in(
+                root,
+                "latest",
+                metadata_json=metadata_json,
+                archive_path=archive_path,
+                checksum_path=checksum_path,
+                force_macos=True,
+                use_mirror=None,
+                releases_mode="corrupt_checksum_and_github",
+            )
+
+            self.assertNotEqual(result.returncode, 0)
+            self.assertEqual(
+                requests,
+                [
+                    "https://releases.openai.com/codex/channels/latest",
+                    f"https://releases.openai.com/codex/releases/{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                    "https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}/codex-package_SHA256SUMS",
+                    "https://api.github.com/repos/openai/codex/releases/tags/"
+                    f"rust-v{VERSION}",
+                ],
+            )
+            self.assertIn("checksum did not match expected digest", result.stderr)
+
     def test_releases_exact_rejects_wrong_binary_version(self) -> None:
         with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
             root = Path(temp_dir)
@@ -202,7 +438,7 @@ class InstallShTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 archive_path=archive_path,
                 checksum_path=checksum_path,
                 force_macos=True,
-                use_releases=True,
+                use_mirror=True,
             )
 
             self.assertNotEqual(result.returncode, 0)
@@ -231,7 +467,7 @@ class InstallShTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 metadata_json=metadata_json,
                 legacy_archive_path=archive_path,
                 force_macos=True,
-                use_releases=True,
+                use_mirror=True,
                 releases_mode="channel_failure",
             )
 
@@ -253,7 +489,7 @@ class InstallShTest(unittest.TestCase):
                 VERSION,
                 metadata_json=metadata_json,
                 force_macos=True,
-                use_releases=True,
+                use_mirror=True,
                 releases_mode="channel_failure",
             )
 
@@ -274,6 +510,7 @@ def run_installer(
     *,
     metadata_failure: bool = False,
     metadata_json: str | None = None,
+    use_mirror: bool | None = False,
 ) -> tuple[subprocess.CompletedProcess[str], list[str]]:
     with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as temp_dir:
         return run_installer_in(
@@ -281,6 +518,7 @@ def run_installer(
             release,
             metadata_failure=metadata_failure,
             metadata_json=metadata_json,
+            use_mirror=use_mirror,
         )
 
 
@@ -290,11 +528,13 @@ def run_installer_in(
     *,
     metadata_failure: bool = False,
     metadata_json: str | None = None,
+    releases_metadata_json: str | None = None,
     archive_path: Path | None = None,
     checksum_path: Path | None = None,
+    releases_checksum_path: Path | None = None,
     legacy_archive_path: Path | None = None,
     force_macos: bool = False,
-    use_releases: bool = False,
+    use_mirror: bool | None = False,
     releases_mode: str = "",
 ) -> tuple[subprocess.CompletedProcess[str], list[str]]:
     bin_dir = root / "bin"
@@ -337,8 +577,13 @@ def run_installer_in(
                 if [ "$CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_MODE" = "asset_fallback" ]; then
                   exit 22
                 fi
-                if [ -n "$CODEX_TEST_CHECKSUM_PATH" ]; then
-                  cp "$CODEX_TEST_CHECKSUM_PATH" "$output"
+                if [ "$CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_MODE" = "corrupt_assets" ] ||
+                  [ "$CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_MODE" = "corrupt_checksum_and_github" ]; then
+                  printf '<html>proxy error</html>\n' >"$output"
+                  exit 0
+                fi
+                if [ -n "$CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_CHECKSUM_PATH" ]; then
+                  cp "$CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_CHECKSUM_PATH" "$output"
                 else
                   exit 22
                 fi
@@ -347,6 +592,10 @@ def run_installer_in(
                 if [ "$CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_MODE" = "asset_fallback" ]; then
                   exit 22
                 fi
+                if [ "$CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_MODE" = "corrupt_assets" ]; then
+                  printf '<html>proxy error</html>\n' >"$output"
+                  exit 0
+                fi
                 if [ -n "$CODEX_TEST_ARCHIVE_PATH" ]; then
                   cp "$CODEX_TEST_ARCHIVE_PATH" "$output"
                 else
@@ -354,6 +603,10 @@ def run_installer_in(
                 fi
                 ;;
               https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/download/*/codex-package_SHA256SUMS)
+                if [ "$CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_MODE" = "corrupt_checksum_and_github" ]; then
+                  printf '<html>proxy error</html>\n' >"$output"
+                  exit 0
+                fi
                 if [ -n "$CODEX_TEST_CHECKSUM_PATH" ]; then
                   cp "$CODEX_TEST_CHECKSUM_PATH" "$output"
                 else
@@ -404,18 +657,22 @@ def run_installer_in(
             "CODEX_INSTALL_DIR": str(root / "install-bin"),
             "CODEX_NON_INTERACTIVE": "1",
             "CODEX_RELEASE": release,
-            "CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM": (
-                "TRUE" if use_releases else "0"
-            ),
             "CODEX_TEST_ARCHIVE_PATH": str(archive_path or ""),
             "CODEX_TEST_CHECKSUM_PATH": str(checksum_path or ""),
+            "CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_CHECKSUM_PATH": str(
+                releases_checksum_path or checksum_path or ""
+            ),
             "CODEX_TEST_LEGACY_ARCHIVE_PATH": str(legacy_archive_path or ""),
             "CODEX_TEST_METADATA_FAILURE": "1" if metadata_failure else "0",
             "CODEX_TEST_METADATA_JSON": (
                 metadata_json if metadata_json is not None else release_metadata()
             ),
             "CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_METADATA_JSON": (
-                metadata_json if metadata_json is not None else release_metadata()
+                releases_metadata_json
+                if releases_metadata_json is not None
+                else metadata_json
+                if metadata_json is not None
+                else release_metadata()
             ),
             "CODEX_TEST_RELEASES_MODE": releases_mode,
             "CODEX_TEST_REQUEST_LOG": str(request_log),
@@ -424,6 +681,12 @@ def run_installer_in(
             "SHELL": "/bin/sh",
         }
     )
+    if use_mirror is None:
+        env.pop("CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM", None)
+    else:
+        env["CODEX_INSTALLER_USE_RELEASES_OPENAI_COM"] = (
+            "TRUE" if use_mirror else "false"
+        )
     result = subprocess.run(
         ["/bin/sh", str(INSTALL_SCRIPT)],
         capture_output=True,