diff --git a/packages/api-derive/src/democracy/dispatchQueue.ts b/packages/api-derive/src/democracy/dispatchQueue.ts
index 55979cdce8..79bf235093 100644
--- a/packages/api-derive/src/democracy/dispatchQueue.ts
+++ b/packages/api-derive/src/democracy/dispatchQueue.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import type { DeriveApi, DeriveDispatch, DeriveProposalImage } from '../types';
 
 import { catchError, combineLatest, map, of, switchMap } from 'rxjs';
 
+import { Enum } from '@polkadot/types';
 import { isFunction, stringToHex } from '@polkadot/util';
 
 import { memo } from '../util';
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ interface SchedulerInfo {
 
 function isMaybeHashed (call: FrameSupportScheduleMaybeHashed | Call): call is FrameSupportScheduleMaybeHashed {
   // check for enum
-  return (call as FrameSupportScheduleMaybeHashed).isBasic === false;
+  return call instanceof Enum;
 }
 
 function queryQueue (api: DeriveApi): Observable<DeriveDispatch[]> {
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/abstract/AbstractArray.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/abstract/AbstractArray.ts
index 3e12b2208f..dd92d1bb95 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/abstract/AbstractArray.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/abstract/AbstractArray.ts
@@ -73,14 +73,14 @@ export abstract class AbstractArray<T extends Codec> extends Array<T> implements
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       inner: this.inspectInner(),
       outer: [compactToU8a(this.length)]
     };
   }
 
-  inspectInner (): Inspect[] {
+  public inspectInner (): Inspect[] {
     const inner = new Array<Inspect>(this.length);
 
     for (let i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/abstract/AbstractInt.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/abstract/AbstractInt.ts
index c650398a00..7dbf8967eb 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/abstract/AbstractInt.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/abstract/AbstractInt.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import type { HexString } from '@polkadot/util/types';
 import type { AnyNumber, Inspect, INumber, IU8a, Registry, UIntBitLength } from '../types';
 
-import { assert, BN, BN_BILLION, BN_HUNDRED, BN_MILLION, BN_QUINTILL, BN_ZERO, bnToBn, bnToHex, bnToU8a, formatBalance, formatNumber, hexToBn, isBn, isHex, isNumber, isString, isU8a, u8aToBn } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { assert, BN, BN_BILLION, BN_HUNDRED, BN_MILLION, BN_QUINTILL, BN_ZERO, bnToBn, bnToHex, bnToU8a, formatBalance, formatNumber, hexToBn, isBn, isHex, isNumber, isString, isU8a, u8aToBn, u8aToNumber } from '@polkadot/util';
 
 export const DEFAULT_UINT_BITS = 64;
 
@@ -55,27 +55,29 @@ export abstract class AbstractInt extends BN implements INumber {
 
   public createdAtHash?: IU8a;
 
-  readonly encodedLength: number;
+  public readonly encodedLength: number;
+
+  public readonly isUnsigned: boolean;
 
   readonly #bitLength: UIntBitLength;
 
-  readonly #isSigned: boolean;
-
   constructor (registry: Registry, value: AnyNumber = 0, bitLength: UIntBitLength = DEFAULT_UINT_BITS, isSigned = false) {
-    // Construct via a string, which will be passed in the BN constructor.
+    // Construct via a string/number, which will be passed in the BN constructor.
     // It would be ideal to actually return a BN, but there is an issue:
     // https://github.com/indutny/bn.js/issues/206
     super(
       // shortcut isU8a as used in SCALE decoding
       isU8a(value)
-        ? u8aToBn(value.subarray(0, bitLength / 8), { isLe: true, isNegative: isSigned }).toString()
+        ? bitLength <= 48
+          ? u8aToNumber(value.subarray(0, bitLength / 8), { isNegative: isSigned })
+          : u8aToBn(value.subarray(0, bitLength / 8), { isLe: true, isNegative: isSigned }).toString()
         : decodeAbstractInt(value, isSigned)
     );
 
     this.registry = registry;
     this.#bitLength = bitLength;
     this.encodedLength = this.#bitLength / 8;
-    this.#isSigned = isSigned;
+    this.isUnsigned = !isSigned;
 
     const isPositive = this.gte(BN_ZERO);
     const maxBits = bitLength - (isSigned && isPositive ? 1 : 0);
@@ -98,13 +100,6 @@ export abstract class AbstractInt extends BN implements INumber {
     return this.isZero();
   }
 
-  /**
-   * @description Checks if the value is an unsigned type
-   */
-  public get isUnsigned (): boolean {
-    return !this.#isSigned;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description Returns the number of bits in the value
    */
@@ -121,7 +116,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractInt extends BN implements INumber {
     // number and BN inputs (no `.eqn` needed) - numbers will be converted
     return super.eq(
       isHex(other)
-        ? hexToBn(other.toString(), { isLe: false, isNegative: this.#isSigned })
+        ? hexToBn(other.toString(), { isLe: false, isNegative: !this.isUnsigned })
         : bnToBn(other as string)
     );
   }
@@ -129,7 +124,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractInt extends BN implements INumber {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       outer: [this.toU8a()]
     };
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Base.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Base.ts
index 59aaa11bf1..3197549b8a 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Base.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Base.ts
@@ -9,18 +9,18 @@ import type { AnyJson, BareOpts, Codec, Inspect, IU8a, Registry } from '../types
  * @description A type extends the Base class, when it holds a value
  */
 export abstract class Base<T extends Codec> implements Codec {
-  readonly #registry: Registry;
-
   public createdAtHash?: IU8a;
 
-  readonly initialU8aLength?: number;
+  public readonly initialU8aLength?: number;
+
+  public readonly registry: Registry;
 
   readonly #raw: T;
 
   protected constructor (registry: Registry, value: T, initialU8aLength?: number) {
-    this.#registry = registry;
     this.#raw = value;
     this.initialU8aLength = initialU8aLength;
+    this.registry = registry;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -48,10 +48,6 @@ export abstract class Base<T extends Codec> implements Codec {
     return this.#raw.isEmpty;
   }
 
-  public get registry (): Registry {
-    return this.#registry;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description Compares the value of the input to see if there is a match
    */
@@ -62,7 +58,7 @@ export abstract class Base<T extends Codec> implements Codec {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     return this.#raw.inspect();
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Compact.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Compact.ts
index cf84b6ca02..13399578a6 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Compact.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Compact.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,26 @@ function noopSetDefinition <T> (d: CodecClass<T>): CodecClass<T> {
   return d;
 }
 
+function decodeCompact<T extends INumber> (registry: Registry, Type: CodecClass<T>, value: Compact<T> | AnyNumber): [T, number] {
+  if (isU8a(value)) {
+    const [decodedLength, bn] = (value[0] & 0b11) < 0b11
+      ? compactFromU8aLim(value)
+      : compactFromU8a(value);
+
+    return [new Type(registry, bn), decodedLength];
+  } else if (value instanceof Compact) {
+    const raw = value.unwrap();
+
+    return raw instanceof Type
+      ? [raw, 0]
+      : [new Type(registry, raw), 0];
+  } else if (value instanceof Type) {
+    return [value, 0];
+  }
+
+  return [new Type(registry, value), 0];
+}
+
 /**
  * @name Compact
  * @description
@@ -41,7 +61,7 @@ export class Compact<T extends INumber> implements ICompact<T> {
     this.registry = registry;
     this.#Type = definition || setDefinition(typeToConstructor(registry, Type));
 
-    const [raw, decodedLength] = Compact.decodeCompact<T>(registry, this.#Type, value);
+    const [raw, decodedLength] = decodeCompact<T>(registry, this.#Type, value);
 
     this.initialU8aLength = decodedLength;
     this.#raw = raw;
@@ -61,25 +81,6 @@ export class Compact<T extends INumber> implements ICompact<T> {
     };
   }
 
-  /** @internal */
-  public static decodeCompact<T extends INumber> (registry: Registry, Type: CodecClass<T>, value: Compact<T> | AnyNumber): [T, number] {
-    if (isU8a(value)) {
-      const [decodedLength, bn] = (value[0] & 0b11) < 0b11
-        ? compactFromU8aLim(value)
-        : compactFromU8a(value);
-
-      return [new Type(registry, bn), decodedLength];
-    } else if (value instanceof Compact) {
-      return value.#raw instanceof Type
-        ? [value.#raw, 0]
-        : [new Type(registry, value.#raw), 0];
-    } else if (value instanceof Type) {
-      return [value, 0];
-    }
-
-    return [new Type(registry, value), 0];
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description The length of the value when encoded as a Uint8Array
    */
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ export class Compact<T extends INumber> implements ICompact<T> {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       outer: [this.toU8a()]
     };
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/base/DoNotConstruct.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/base/DoNotConstruct.ts
index cd1a3a1a62..39d9c8396f 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/base/DoNotConstruct.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/base/DoNotConstruct.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export class DoNotConstruct implements Codec {
     throw this.#neverError;
   }
 
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     throw this.#neverError;
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Enum.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Enum.ts
index 5cbad80160..197838982d 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Enum.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Enum.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import type { HexString } from '@polkadot/util/types';
 import type { AnyJson, Codec, CodecClass, IEnum, Inspect, IU8a, Registry } from '../types';
 
-import { assert, isCodec, isHex, isNumber, isObject, isString, isU8a, isUndefined, objectProperties, stringCamelCase, stringify, stringPascalCase, u8aConcatStrict, u8aToHex, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { assert, isHex, isNumber, isObject, isString, isU8a, isUndefined, objectProperties, stringCamelCase, stringify, stringPascalCase, u8aConcatStrict, u8aToHex, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 
 import { mapToTypeMap, typesToMap } from '../utils';
 import { Null } from './Null';
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ function createFromValue (registry: Registry, def: TypesDef, index = 0, value?:
 
   return {
     index,
-    value: isCodec(value) && value instanceof entry.Type
+    value: value instanceof entry.Type
       ? value
       : new entry.Type(registry, value)
   };
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ export class Enum implements IEnum {
     this.#isBasic = isBasic;
     this.#isIndexed = isIndexed;
     this.#indexes = Object.values(def).map(({ index }) => index);
-    this.#entryIndex = this.#indexes.indexOf(decoded.index) || 0;
+    this.#entryIndex = this.#indexes.indexOf(decoded.index);
     this.#raw = decoded.value;
 
     if (this.#raw.initialU8aLength) {
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ export class Enum implements IEnum {
     const isKeys = new Array<string>(keys.length);
 
     for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
-      const name = stringPascalCase(keys[i].replace(' ', '_'));
+      const name = stringPascalCase(keys[i]);
 
       asKeys[i] = `as${name}`;
       isKeys[i] = `is${name}`;
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ export class Enum implements IEnum {
       return this.type === other;
     } else if (isHex(other)) {
       return this.toHex() === other;
-    } else if (isCodec(other) && other instanceof Enum) {
+    } else if (other instanceof Enum) {
       return this.index === other.index && this.value.eq(other.value);
     } else if (isObject(other)) {
       return this.value.eq(other[this.type]);
@@ -342,8 +342,8 @@ export class Enum implements IEnum {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
-    if (this.isBasic) {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
+    if (this.#isBasic) {
       return { outer: [new Uint8Array([this.index])] };
     }
 
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Null.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Null.ts
index 8f075cf019..8bd4af2922 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Null.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Null.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ import { isNull } from '@polkadot/util';
  * Implements a type that does not contain anything (apart from `null`)
  */
 export class Null implements Codec {
+  public readonly encodedLength = 0;
+
+  public readonly isEmpty = true;
+
   public readonly registry: Registry;
 
   public createdAtHash?: IU8a;
@@ -23,13 +27,6 @@ export class Null implements Codec {
     this.registry = registry;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * @description The length of the value when encoded as a Uint8Array
-   */
-  public get encodedLength (): number {
-    return 0;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description returns a hash of the contents
    */
@@ -37,13 +34,6 @@ export class Null implements Codec {
     throw new Error('.hash is not implemented on Null');
   }
 
-  /**
-   * @description Checks if the value is an empty value (always true)
-   */
-  public get isEmpty (): boolean {
-    return true;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description Compares the value of the input to see if there is a match
    */
@@ -54,7 +44,7 @@ export class Null implements Codec {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     return {};
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Option.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Option.ts
index 45f6da8b9e..ea88140604 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Option.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Option.ts
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ export class Option<T extends Codec> implements IOption<T> {
 
   public createdAtHash?: IU8a;
 
-  readonly #Type: CodecClass<T>;
+  public initialU8aLength?: number;
 
-  readonly #initialU8aLength?: number;
+  readonly #Type: CodecClass<T>;
 
   readonly #raw: T;
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export class Option<T extends Codec> implements IOption<T> {
     this.#raw = decoded as T;
 
     if (decoded && decoded.initialU8aLength) {
-      this.#initialU8aLength = 1 + decoded.initialU8aLength;
+      this.initialU8aLength = 1 + decoded.initialU8aLength;
     }
   }
 
@@ -117,13 +117,6 @@ export class Option<T extends Codec> implements IOption<T> {
     return 1 + this.#raw.encodedLength;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * @description The length of the initial encoded value (Only available when constructed from a Uint8Array)
-   */
-  public get initialU8aLength (): number | undefined {
-    return this.#initialU8aLength;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description returns a hash of the contents
    */
@@ -173,7 +166,7 @@ export class Option<T extends Codec> implements IOption<T> {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     if (this.isNone) {
       return { outer: [new Uint8Array([0])] };
     }
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Tuple.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Tuple.ts
index 7d50786b9d..a65e132dfd 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Tuple.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Tuple.ts
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ function noopSetDefinition (d: Definition): Definition {
 }
 
 /** @internal */
-function decodeTuple (registry: Registry, result: Codec[], Classes: Definition, value?: Exclude<AnyTupleValue, Uint8Array>): [Codec[], number] {
+function decodeTuple (registry: Registry, result: Codec[], value: Exclude<AnyTupleValue, Uint8Array> | undefined, Classes: Definition): [Codec[], number] {
   if (isU8a(value) || isHex(value)) {
     return decodeU8a(registry, result, u8aToU8a(value), Classes);
   }
@@ -70,11 +70,11 @@ export class Tuple extends AbstractArray<Codec> implements ITuple<Codec[]> {
 
     super(registry, Classes[0].length);
 
-    const [, decodedLength] = isU8a(value)
-      ? decodeU8a(registry, this, value, Classes, false)
-      : decodeTuple(registry, this, Classes, value);
-
-    this.initialU8aLength = decodedLength;
+    this.initialU8aLength = (
+      isU8a(value)
+        ? decodeU8a(registry, this, value, Classes)
+        : decodeTuple(registry, this, value, Classes)
+    )[1];
     this.#Types = Classes;
   }
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ export class Tuple extends AbstractArray<Codec> implements ITuple<Codec[]> {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  override inspect (): Inspect {
+  public override inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       inner: this.inspectInner()
     };
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Vec.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Vec.ts
index f714e86eb1..c2abf10df1 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/base/Vec.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/base/Vec.ts
@@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ export class Vec<T extends Codec> extends AbstractArray<T> {
 
     this.#Type = definition || setDefinition(typeToConstructor<T>(registry, Type));
 
-    const [decodedLength] = isU8a(decodeFrom)
-      ? decodeU8aVec(registry, this, decodeFrom, startAt, this.#Type)
-      : decodeVec(registry, this, decodeFrom, startAt, this.#Type);
-
-    this.initialU8aLength = decodedLength;
+    this.initialU8aLength = (
+      isU8a(decodeFrom)
+        ? decodeU8aVec(registry, this, decodeFrom, startAt, this.#Type)
+        : decodeVec(registry, this, decodeFrom, startAt, this.#Type)
+    )[0];
   }
 
   public static with<O extends Codec> (Type: CodecClass<O> | string): CodecClass<Vec<O>> {
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/base/VecFixed.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/base/VecFixed.ts
index d134f8bf91..d282c35b7d 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/base/VecFixed.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/base/VecFixed.ts
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ export class VecFixed<T extends Codec> extends AbstractArray<T> {
 
     this.#Type = definition || setDefinition(typeToConstructor<T>(registry, Type));
 
-    const [, decodedLengthNoOffset] = isU8a(value)
-      ? decodeU8aVec(registry, this, value, 0, this.#Type)
-      : decodeVec(registry, this, value, 0, this.#Type);
-
-    this.initialU8aLength = decodedLengthNoOffset;
+    this.initialU8aLength = (
+      isU8a(value)
+        ? decodeU8aVec(registry, this, value, 0, this.#Type)
+        : decodeVec(registry, this, value, 0, this.#Type)
+    )[1];
   }
 
   public static with<O extends Codec> (Type: CodecClass<O> | string, length: number): CodecClass<VecFixed<O>> {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export class VecFixed<T extends Codec> extends AbstractArray<T> {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  override inspect (): Inspect {
+  public override inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       inner: this.inspectInner()
     };
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/BTreeSet.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/BTreeSet.ts
index 2f270ab34e..19c721cbab 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/BTreeSet.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/BTreeSet.ts
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ export class BTreeSet<V extends Codec = Codec> extends Set<V> implements ISet<V>
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     const inner = new Array<Inspect>();
 
     for (const v of this.values()) {
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/BitVec.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/BitVec.ts
index aeed798f9e..9d92862292 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/BitVec.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/BitVec.ts
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export class BitVec extends Raw {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  override inspect (): Inspect {
+  public override inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       outer: [compactToU8a(this.#decodedLength), super.toU8a()]
     };
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/Bytes.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/Bytes.ts
index 2587bdcc7f..ee6eb1b3b4 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/Bytes.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/Bytes.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 import type { AnyU8a, Inspect, Registry } from '../types';
 
-import { assert, compactAddLength, compactFromU8aLim, compactToU8a, isCodec, isString, isU8a, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
+import { assert, compactAddLength, compactFromU8aLim, compactToU8a, isString, isU8a, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 
 import { Raw } from '../native/Raw';
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ function decodeBytesU8a (value: Uint8Array): [Uint8Array, number] {
  */
 export class Bytes extends Raw {
   constructor (registry: Registry, value?: AnyU8a) {
-    const [u8a, decodedLength] = isU8a(value) && !(isCodec(value) && value instanceof Raw)
+    const [u8a, decodedLength] = isU8a(value) && !(value instanceof Raw)
       ? decodeBytesU8a(value)
       : Array.isArray(value) || isString(value)
         ? [u8aToU8a(value), 0]
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export class Bytes extends Raw {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  override inspect (isBare?: boolean): Inspect {
+  public override inspect (isBare?: boolean): Inspect {
     const clength = compactToU8a(this.length);
 
     return {
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/Map.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/Map.ts
index d8b24669cf..4f535f43a2 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/Map.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/Map.ts
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ export class CodecMap<K extends Codec = Codec, V extends Codec = Codec> extends
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     const inner = new Array<Inspect>();
 
     for (const [k, v] of this.entries()) {
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/OptionBool.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/OptionBool.ts
index f9adc66c90..b58fddafaa 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/OptionBool.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/OptionBool.ts
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ export class OptionBool extends Option<Bool> {
         ? decodeU8a(registry, u8aToU8a(value))
         : value
     );
+
+    this.initialU8aLength = 1;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -41,13 +43,6 @@ export class OptionBool extends Option<Bool> {
     return 1;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * @description The length of the initial encoded value (Only available when constructed from a Uint8Array)
-   */
-  public override get initialU8aLength (): number {
-    return 1;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description Checks if the value is an empty value (always false)
    */
@@ -69,7 +64,7 @@ export class OptionBool extends Option<Bool> {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  override inspect (): Inspect {
+  public override inspect (): Inspect {
     return { outer: [this.toU8a()] };
   }
 
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/WrapperKeepOpaque.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/WrapperKeepOpaque.ts
index 57bbc1fb6b..2f05147a31 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/extended/WrapperKeepOpaque.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/extended/WrapperKeepOpaque.ts
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ export class WrapperKeepOpaque<T extends Codec> extends Bytes {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  override inspect (): Inspect {
+  public override inspect (): Inspect {
     return this.#decoded
       ? {
         inner: [this.#decoded.inspect()],
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Bool.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Bool.ts
index d41852f75f..80ed54da98 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Bool.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Bool.ts
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export class bool extends Boolean implements Codec {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       outer: [this.toU8a()]
     };
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Date.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Date.ts
index 066d93a210..1962919824 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Date.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Date.ts
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export class CodecDate extends Date implements INumber {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       outer: [this.toU8a()]
     };
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Raw.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Raw.ts
index 54fdcd7cb8..06defdb7c6 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Raw.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Raw.ts
@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@ import { assert, isAscii, isUndefined, isUtf8, u8aToHex, u8aToString, u8aToU8a }
  * @noInheritDoc
  */
 export class Raw extends Uint8Array implements IU8a {
-  readonly registry: Registry;
-
   public createdAtHash?: IU8a;
 
-  readonly initialU8aLength?: number;
+  public readonly initialU8aLength?: number;
+
+  public readonly registry: Registry;
 
   constructor (registry: Registry, value?: AnyU8a, initialU8aLength?: number) {
     super(u8aToU8a(value));
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ export class Raw extends Uint8Array implements IU8a {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       outer: [this.toU8a()]
     };
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Set.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Set.ts
index b1f37e4ae1..9f02c76894 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Set.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Set.ts
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ export class CodecSet extends Set<string> implements ISet<string> {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     return {
       outer: [this.toU8a()]
     };
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Struct.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Struct.ts
index cf01968b21..99cc67e3ea 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Struct.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Struct.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import type { AnyJson, BareOpts, Codec, CodecClass, Inspect, IStruct, IU8a, Regi
 
 import { assert, isBoolean, isFunction, isHex, isObject, isU8a, isUndefined, objectProperties, stringCamelCase, stringify, u8aConcatStrict, u8aToHex, u8aToU8a } from '@polkadot/util';
 
-import { compareMap, decodeU8a, mapToTypeMap, typesToMap } from '../utils';
+import { compareMap, decodeU8aStruct, mapToTypeMap, typesToMap } from '../utils';
 
 type TypesDef<T = Codec> = Record<string, string | CodecClass<T>>;
 
@@ -100,11 +100,11 @@ export class Struct<
   V extends { [K in keyof S]: any } = { [K in keyof S]: any },
   // type names, mapped by key, name of Class in S
   E extends { [K in keyof S]: string } = { [K in keyof S]: string }> extends Map<keyof S, Codec> implements IStruct<keyof S> {
-  #registry: Registry;
-
   public createdAtHash?: IU8a;
 
-  readonly initialU8aLength?: number;
+  public readonly initialU8aLength?: number;
+
+  public readonly registry: Registry;
 
   readonly #jsonMap: Map<keyof S, string>;
 
@@ -113,15 +113,15 @@ export class Struct<
   constructor (registry: Registry, Types: S, value?: V | Map<unknown, unknown> | unknown[] | HexString | null, jsonMap = new Map<string, string>(), { definition, setDefinition = noopSetDefinition }: Options = {}) {
     const typeMap = definition || setDefinition(mapToTypeMap(registry, Types));
     const [decoded, decodedLength] = isU8a(value) || isHex(value)
-      ? decodeU8a<Codec, [string, Codec]>(registry, new Array(typeMap[0].length), u8aToU8a(value), typeMap, true)
+      ? decodeU8aStruct(registry, new Array<[string, Codec]>(typeMap[0].length), u8aToU8a(value), typeMap)
       : value instanceof Struct
         ? [value as Iterable<[string, Codec]>, 0]
         : decodeStructFromObject(registry, typeMap, value || {}, jsonMap);
 
     super(decoded);
 
-    this.#registry = registry;
     this.initialU8aLength = decodedLength;
+    this.registry = registry;
     this.#jsonMap = jsonMap;
     this.#Types = typeMap;
   }
@@ -202,10 +202,6 @@ export class Struct<
     return this.registry.hash(this.toU8a());
   }
 
-  public get registry (): Registry {
-    return this.#registry;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description Compares the value of the input to see if there is a match
    */
@@ -231,7 +227,7 @@ export class Struct<
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (isBare?: BareOpts): Inspect {
+  public inspect (isBare?: BareOpts): Inspect {
     const inner = new Array<Inspect>();
 
     for (const [k, v] of this.entries()) {
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Text.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Text.ts
index de36ad21c9..608df159b3 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/native/Text.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/native/Text.ts
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ function decodeText (value?: null | AnyString | AnyU8a | { toString: () => strin
  * @noInheritDoc
  */
 export class Text extends String implements IText {
-  public readonly registry: Registry;
-
   public createdAtHash?: IU8a;
 
-  readonly #initialU8aLength?: number;
+  public readonly initialU8aLength?: number;
+
+  public readonly registry: Registry;
 
   #override: string | null = null;
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ export class Text extends String implements IText {
     super(str);
 
     this.registry = registry;
-    this.#initialU8aLength = decodedLength;
+    this.initialU8aLength = decodedLength;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -70,13 +70,6 @@ export class Text extends String implements IText {
     return this.toU8a().length;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * @description The length of the initial encoded value (Only available when constructed from a Uint8Array)
-   */
-  public get initialU8aLength (): number | undefined {
-    return this.#initialU8aLength;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description returns a hash of the contents
    */
@@ -111,7 +104,7 @@ export class Text extends String implements IText {
   /**
    * @description Returns a breakdown of the hex encoding for this Codec
    */
-  inspect (): Inspect {
+  public inspect (): Inspect {
     const value = stringToU8a(super.toString());
 
     return {
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/types/interfaces.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/types/interfaces.ts
index 7bc97b2a8d..7346e1bf7f 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/types/interfaces.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/types/interfaces.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export interface IEnum extends Codec {
   readonly defIndexes: number[];
   readonly defKeys: string[];
   readonly index: number;
-  readonly isBasic: boolean
+  readonly isBasic: boolean;
   readonly type: string;
   readonly value: Codec;
 
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/utils/decodeU8a.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/utils/decodeU8a.ts
index 14aa6a8057..f6a10ae0fe 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/utils/decodeU8a.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/utils/decodeU8a.ts
@@ -5,19 +5,22 @@ import type { Codec, CodecClass, Registry } from '../types';
 
 import { u8aToHex } from '@polkadot/util';
 
-function formatFailure (error: Error, type: string | null, u8a: Uint8Array, key?: string): string {
-  return `decodeU8a: failed at ${u8aToHex(u8a)}…${key ? ` on ${key}` : ''}${type ? `: ${type}` : ''}:: ${error.message}`;
-}
+/** @internal */
+function formatFailure (registry: Registry, { message }: Error, u8a: Uint8Array, i: number, count: number, Type: CodecClass, key?: string): string {
+  let type = '';
 
-function getRawType (registry: Registry, Type: CodecClass): string | null {
   try {
-    return new Type(registry).toRawType();
+    type = `: ${new Type(registry).toRawType()}`;
   } catch {
-    return null;
+    // ignore
   }
+
+  return `decodeU8a: failed at ${u8aToHex(u8a.subarray(0, 16))}…${key ? ` on ${key}` : ''} (index ${i}/${count})${type}:: ${message}`;
 }
 
 /**
+ * @internal
+ *
  * Given an u8a, and an array of Type constructors, decode the u8a against the
  * types, and return an array of decoded values.
  *
@@ -25,50 +28,73 @@ function getRawType (registry: Registry, Type: CodecClass): string | null {
  * @param result - The result array (will be returned with values pushed)
  * @param types - The array of CodecClass to decode the U8a against.
  */
-export function decodeU8a <T extends Codec = Codec, E = T> (registry: Registry, result: unknown[], u8a: Uint8Array, [Types, keys]: [CodecClass[], string[]], withZip?: boolean): [E[], number] {
+export function decodeU8a <T extends Codec = Codec> (registry: Registry, result: T[], u8a: Uint8Array, [Types, keys]: [CodecClass<T>[], string[]]): [T[], number] {
   const count = result.length;
   let offset = 0;
+  let i = 0;
 
-  for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-    try {
+  try {
+    while (i < count) {
       const value = new Types[i](registry, u8a.subarray(offset));
 
       offset += value.initialU8aLength || value.encodedLength;
-      result[i] = withZip
-        ? [keys[i], value]
-        : value;
-    } catch (error) {
-      throw new Error(formatFailure(
-        error as Error,
-        getRawType(registry, Types[i]),
-        u8a.subarray(offset, offset + 16),
-        keys[i]
-      ));
+      result[i] = value;
+      i++;
     }
+  } catch (error) {
+    throw new Error(formatFailure(registry, error as Error, u8a.subarray(offset), i, count, Types[i], keys[i]));
   }
 
-  return [result as E[], offset];
+  return [result, offset];
 }
 
-// Split from decodeU8a since this is specialized to 1 instance ... yes duplication, but
-// since we have to do less checks (and these are intensive anyway), much faster
+/**
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * Split from decodeU8a since this is specialized to zip returns ... while we duplicate, this
+ * is all on the hot-path, so it is not great, however there is (some) method behind the madness
+ */
+export function decodeU8aStruct (registry: Registry, result: [string, Codec][], u8a: Uint8Array, [Types, keys]: [CodecClass[], string[]]): [[string, Codec][], number] {
+  const count = result.length;
+  let offset = 0;
+  let i = 0;
+
+  try {
+    while (i < count) {
+      const value = new Types[i](registry, u8a.subarray(offset));
+
+      offset += value.initialU8aLength || value.encodedLength;
+      result[i] = [keys[i], value];
+      i++;
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    throw new Error(formatFailure(registry, error as Error, u8a.subarray(offset), i, count, Types[i], keys[i]));
+  }
+
+  return [result, offset];
+}
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * Split from decodeU8a since this is specialized to 1 instance ... while we duplicate, this
+ * is all on the hot-path, so it is not great, however there is (some) method behind the madness
+ */
 export function decodeU8aVec <T extends Codec = Codec> (registry: Registry, result: unknown[], u8a: Uint8Array, startAt: number, Type: CodecClass<T>): [number, number] {
   const count = result.length;
   let offset = startAt;
+  let i = 0;
 
-  for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-    try {
+  try {
+    while (i < count) {
       const value = new Type(registry, u8a.subarray(offset));
 
       offset += value.initialU8aLength || value.encodedLength;
       result[i] = value;
-    } catch (error) {
-      throw new Error(formatFailure(
-        error as Error,
-        getRawType(registry, Type),
-        u8a.subarray(offset, offset + 16)
-      ));
+      i++;
     }
+  } catch (error) {
+    throw new Error(formatFailure(registry, error as Error, u8a.subarray(offset), i, count, Type));
   }
 
   return [offset, offset - startAt];
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/utils/index.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/utils/index.ts
index 79e134a940..ab7dc9f65d 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/utils/index.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/utils/index.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 export { compareArray } from './compareArray';
 export { compareMap } from './compareMap';
 export { compareSet } from './compareSet';
-export { decodeU8a, decodeU8aVec } from './decodeU8a';
+export { decodeU8a, decodeU8aStruct, decodeU8aVec } from './decodeU8a';
 export { mapToTypeMap } from './mapToTypeMap';
 export { typeToConstructor } from './typeToConstructor';
 export { sanitize } from './sanitize';
diff --git a/packages/types-codec/src/utils/mapToTypeMap.ts b/packages/types-codec/src/utils/mapToTypeMap.ts
index 1063dca9e7..0cbdb1dbf1 100644
--- a/packages/types-codec/src/utils/mapToTypeMap.ts
+++ b/packages/types-codec/src/utils/mapToTypeMap.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ export function mapToTypeMap (registry: Registry, input: Record<string, string |
   const count = entries.length;
   const output: [CodecClass[], string[]] = [new Array<CodecClass>(count), new Array<string>(count)];
 
-  for (let i = 0; i < entries.length; i++) {
+  for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
     output[1][i] = entries[i][0];
     output[0][i] = typeToConstructor(registry, entries[i][1]);
   }
diff --git a/packages/types/src/extrinsic/Extrinsic.ts b/packages/types/src/extrinsic/Extrinsic.ts
index 5665ce0c7c..8d600e52de 100644
--- a/packages/types/src/extrinsic/Extrinsic.ts
+++ b/packages/types/src/extrinsic/Extrinsic.ts
@@ -167,10 +167,6 @@ abstract class ExtrinsicBase<A extends AnyTuple> extends Base<ExtrinsicVx | Extr
     return this.inner.signature.nonce;
   }
 
-  public override get registry (): Registry {
-    return super.registry;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description The actual [[EcdsaSignature]], [[Ed25519Signature]] or [[Sr25519Signature]]
    */
diff --git a/packages/types/src/extrinsic/v4/Extrinsic.ts b/packages/types/src/extrinsic/v4/Extrinsic.ts
index 7c44139d53..c45c9ae453 100644
--- a/packages/types/src/extrinsic/v4/Extrinsic.ts
+++ b/packages/types/src/extrinsic/v4/Extrinsic.ts
@@ -65,10 +65,6 @@ export class GenericExtrinsicV4 extends Struct implements IExtrinsicImpl {
     return this.getT('method');
   }
 
-  public override get registry (): Registry {
-    return super.registry;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description The [[ExtrinsicSignatureV4]]
    */
diff --git a/packages/types/src/extrinsic/v4/ExtrinsicSignature.ts b/packages/types/src/extrinsic/v4/ExtrinsicSignature.ts
index 41c635302c..cabf34197b 100644
--- a/packages/types/src/extrinsic/v4/ExtrinsicSignature.ts
+++ b/packages/types/src/extrinsic/v4/ExtrinsicSignature.ts
@@ -89,10 +89,6 @@ export class GenericExtrinsicSignatureV4 extends Struct implements IExtrinsicSig
     return this.getT('nonce');
   }
 
-  public override get registry (): Registry {
-    return super.registry;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description The actual [[EcdsaSignature]], [[Ed25519Signature]] or [[Sr25519Signature]]
    */
diff --git a/packages/types/src/generic/Call.ts b/packages/types/src/generic/Call.ts
index 701f259f80..b8870ab320 100644
--- a/packages/types/src/generic/Call.ts
+++ b/packages/types/src/generic/Call.ts
@@ -189,10 +189,6 @@ export class GenericCall<A extends AnyTuple = AnyTuple> extends Struct implement
     return this.registry.findMetaCall(this.callIndex).method;
   }
 
-  public override get registry (): Registry {
-    return super.registry;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description Returns the module containing the method
    */
diff --git a/packages/types/src/metadata/MetadataVersioned.ts b/packages/types/src/metadata/MetadataVersioned.ts
index 97d4ba0fac..021bf58be5 100644
--- a/packages/types/src/metadata/MetadataVersioned.ts
+++ b/packages/types/src/metadata/MetadataVersioned.ts
@@ -73,10 +73,6 @@ export class MetadataVersioned extends Struct {
     return this.getT('metadata');
   };
 
-  public override get registry (): Registry {
-    return super.registry;
-  }
-
   /**
    * @description Returns the wrapped metadata as a limited calls-only (latest) version
    */