diff --git a/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control.rs b/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control.rs
index 897d162df5..a6e945b5f6 100644
--- a/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control.rs
+++ b/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control.rs
@@ -200,7 +200,15 @@ impl AgentControl {
     /// Interrupt the current task for an existing agent thread.
     pub(crate) async fn interrupt_agent(&self, agent_id: ThreadId) -> CodexResult<String> {
         let state = self.upgrade()?;
-        state.send_op(agent_id, Op::Interrupt).await
+        let result = state.send_op(agent_id, Op::Interrupt).await;
+        let agent_died = matches!(result, Err(CodexErr::InternalAgentDied));
+        let result = self
+            .handle_thread_request_result(agent_id, &state, result)
+            .await;
+        if agent_died {
+            self.residency.lock().await.remove(agent_id);
+        }
+        result
     }
 
     async fn handle_thread_request_result(
@@ -245,6 +253,37 @@ impl AgentControl {
         self.state.agent_metadata_for_thread(agent_id)
     }
 
+    pub(crate) async fn list_live_agent_subtree_thread_ids(
+        &self,
+        agent_id: ThreadId,
+    ) -> CodexResult<Vec<ThreadId>> {
+        let mut thread_ids = vec![agent_id];
+        thread_ids.extend(self.live_thread_spawn_descendants(agent_id).await?);
+        Ok(thread_ids)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) async fn format_environment_context_subagents(
+        &self,
+        parent_thread_id: ThreadId,
+    ) -> String {
+        let Ok(agents) = self.open_thread_spawn_children(parent_thread_id).await else {
+            return String::new();
+        };
+
+        agents
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(thread_id, metadata)| {
+                let reference = metadata
+                    .agent_path
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|agent_path| agent_path.name().to_string())
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| thread_id.to_string());
+                format_subagent_context_line(reference.as_str(), metadata.agent_nickname.as_deref())
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+            .join("\n")
+    }
+
     pub(crate) async fn get_agent_config_snapshot(
         &self,
         agent_id: ThreadId,
@@ -309,6 +348,77 @@ impl AgentControl {
         Ok(thread.subscribe_status())
     }
 
+    async fn open_thread_spawn_children(
+        &self,
+        parent_thread_id: ThreadId,
+    ) -> CodexResult<Vec<(ThreadId, AgentMetadata)>> {
+        let mut children_by_parent = self.live_thread_spawn_children().await?;
+        Ok(children_by_parent
+            .remove(&parent_thread_id)
+            .unwrap_or_default())
+    }
+
+    async fn live_thread_spawn_children(
+        &self,
+    ) -> CodexResult<HashMap<ThreadId, Vec<(ThreadId, AgentMetadata)>>> {
+        let state = self.upgrade()?;
+        let mut children_by_parent = HashMap::<ThreadId, Vec<(ThreadId, AgentMetadata)>>::new();
+
+        for (parent_thread_id, child_thread_id) in state.list_live_thread_spawn_edges().await {
+            children_by_parent
+                .entry(parent_thread_id)
+                .or_default()
+                .push((
+                    child_thread_id,
+                    self.state
+                        .agent_metadata_for_thread(child_thread_id)
+                        .unwrap_or(AgentMetadata {
+                            agent_id: Some(child_thread_id),
+                            ..Default::default()
+                        }),
+                ));
+        }
+
+        for children in children_by_parent.values_mut() {
+            children.sort_by(|left, right| {
+                left.1
+                    .agent_path
+                    .as_deref()
+                    .unwrap_or_default()
+                    .cmp(right.1.agent_path.as_deref().unwrap_or_default())
+                    .then_with(|| left.0.to_string().cmp(&right.0.to_string()))
+            });
+        }
+
+        Ok(children_by_parent)
+    }
+
+    async fn live_thread_spawn_descendants(
+        &self,
+        root_thread_id: ThreadId,
+    ) -> CodexResult<Vec<ThreadId>> {
+        let mut children_by_parent = self.live_thread_spawn_children().await?;
+        let mut descendants = Vec::new();
+        let mut stack = children_by_parent
+            .remove(&root_thread_id)
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(child_thread_id, _)| child_thread_id)
+            .rev()
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+        while let Some(thread_id) = stack.pop() {
+            descendants.push(thread_id);
+            if let Some(children) = children_by_parent.remove(&thread_id) {
+                for (child_thread_id, _) in children.into_iter().rev() {
+                    stack.push(child_thread_id);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(descendants)
+    }
+
     pub(super) fn upgrade(&self) -> CodexResult<Arc<ThreadManagerState>> {
         self.manager
             .upgrade()
diff --git a/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control/legacy.rs b/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control/legacy.rs
index 98d9dce3fa..b75fe78594 100644
--- a/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control/legacy.rs
+++ b/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control/legacy.rs
@@ -82,37 +82,6 @@ impl AgentControl {
         }
     }
 
-    pub(crate) async fn list_live_agent_subtree_thread_ids(
-        &self,
-        agent_id: ThreadId,
-    ) -> CodexResult<Vec<ThreadId>> {
-        let mut thread_ids = vec![agent_id];
-        thread_ids.extend(self.live_thread_spawn_descendants(agent_id).await?);
-        Ok(thread_ids)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) async fn format_environment_context_subagents(
-        &self,
-        parent_thread_id: ThreadId,
-    ) -> String {
-        let Ok(agents) = self.open_thread_spawn_children(parent_thread_id).await else {
-            return String::new();
-        };
-
-        agents
-            .into_iter()
-            .map(|(thread_id, metadata)| {
-                let reference = metadata
-                    .agent_path
-                    .as_ref()
-                    .map(|agent_path| agent_path.name().to_string())
-                    .unwrap_or_else(|| thread_id.to_string());
-                format_subagent_context_line(reference.as_str(), metadata.agent_nickname.as_deref())
-            })
-            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-            .join("\n")
-    }
-
     pub(super) fn maybe_start_completion_watcher(
         &self,
         child_thread_id: ThreadId,
@@ -157,75 +126,4 @@ impl AgentControl {
                 .await;
         });
     }
-
-    async fn open_thread_spawn_children(
-        &self,
-        parent_thread_id: ThreadId,
-    ) -> CodexResult<Vec<(ThreadId, AgentMetadata)>> {
-        let mut children_by_parent = self.live_thread_spawn_children().await?;
-        Ok(children_by_parent
-            .remove(&parent_thread_id)
-            .unwrap_or_default())
-    }
-
-    async fn live_thread_spawn_children(
-        &self,
-    ) -> CodexResult<HashMap<ThreadId, Vec<(ThreadId, AgentMetadata)>>> {
-        let state = self.upgrade()?;
-        let mut children_by_parent = HashMap::<ThreadId, Vec<(ThreadId, AgentMetadata)>>::new();
-
-        for (parent_thread_id, child_thread_id) in state.list_live_thread_spawn_edges().await {
-            children_by_parent
-                .entry(parent_thread_id)
-                .or_default()
-                .push((
-                    child_thread_id,
-                    self.state
-                        .agent_metadata_for_thread(child_thread_id)
-                        .unwrap_or(AgentMetadata {
-                            agent_id: Some(child_thread_id),
-                            ..Default::default()
-                        }),
-                ));
-        }
-
-        for children in children_by_parent.values_mut() {
-            children.sort_by(|left, right| {
-                left.1
-                    .agent_path
-                    .as_deref()
-                    .unwrap_or_default()
-                    .cmp(right.1.agent_path.as_deref().unwrap_or_default())
-                    .then_with(|| left.0.to_string().cmp(&right.0.to_string()))
-            });
-        }
-
-        Ok(children_by_parent)
-    }
-
-    async fn live_thread_spawn_descendants(
-        &self,
-        root_thread_id: ThreadId,
-    ) -> CodexResult<Vec<ThreadId>> {
-        let mut children_by_parent = self.live_thread_spawn_children().await?;
-        let mut descendants = Vec::new();
-        let mut stack = children_by_parent
-            .remove(&root_thread_id)
-            .unwrap_or_default()
-            .into_iter()
-            .map(|(child_thread_id, _)| child_thread_id)
-            .rev()
-            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-
-        while let Some(thread_id) = stack.pop() {
-            descendants.push(thread_id);
-            if let Some(children) = children_by_parent.remove(&thread_id) {
-                for (child_thread_id, _) in children.into_iter().rev() {
-                    stack.push(child_thread_id);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ok(descendants)
-    }
 }
diff --git a/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control/resident.rs b/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control/resident.rs
index 0b78f86823..7a73a54f4c 100644
--- a/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control/resident.rs
+++ b/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control/resident.rs
@@ -12,6 +12,34 @@ fn max_resident_subagents(config: &Config) -> usize {
 }
 
 impl AgentControl {
+    pub(crate) async fn reserve_execution_slot_for_pending_turn(
+        &self,
+        session: &Session,
+    ) -> CodexResult<Option<crate::agent::registry::ExecutionReservation>> {
+        if session.multi_agent_version() != Some(MultiAgentVersion::V2) {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        let metadata = self
+            .state
+            .agent_metadata_for_thread(session.thread_id)
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                CodexErr::Fatal(format!(
+                    "missing agent metadata for V2 thread {}",
+                    session.thread_id
+                ))
+            })?;
+        if metadata.agent_path.as_ref().is_some_and(AgentPath::is_root) {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        let config = session.get_config().await;
+        let max_threads = config
+            .effective_agent_max_threads(MultiAgentVersion::V2)
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+        self.state
+            .reserve_execution_slot(session.thread_id, max_threads)
+            .map(Some)
+    }
+
     pub(crate) async fn send_message_to_agent(
         &self,
         config: &Config,
@@ -192,12 +220,20 @@ impl AgentControl {
         };
         thread.ensure_rollout_materialized().await;
         thread.flush_rollout().await?;
+        let mut wait_for_termination = false;
         if !matches!(thread.agent_status().await, AgentStatus::Shutdown) {
-            state.send_op(agent_id, Op::Shutdown {}).await?;
+            match state.send_op(agent_id, Op::Shutdown {}).await {
+                Ok(_) => wait_for_termination = true,
+                Err(CodexErr::ThreadNotFound(_)) | Err(CodexErr::InternalAgentDied) => {}
+                Err(err) => return Err(err),
+            }
+        }
+        if wait_for_termination {
+            thread.wait_until_terminated().await;
         }
-        thread.wait_until_terminated().await;
         let _ = state.remove_thread(&agent_id).await;
         residency.remove(agent_id);
+        self.state.release_execution_slot(agent_id);
         self.state.clear_last_task_message(agent_id);
         Ok(())
     }
diff --git a/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control_tests.rs b/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control_tests.rs
index 7e8d33acdb..8a8666dc04 100644
--- a/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control_tests.rs
+++ b/codex-rs/core/src/agent/control_tests.rs
@@ -132,6 +132,46 @@ impl AgentControlHarness {
     }
 }
 
+async fn spawn_v2_test_agent(
+    harness: &AgentControlHarness,
+    config: &Config,
+    parent_thread_id: ThreadId,
+    agent_path: AgentPath,
+) -> ThreadId {
+    harness
+        .control
+        .spawn_agent(
+            config.clone(),
+            Op::Interrupt,
+            Some(SessionSource::SubAgent(SubAgentSource::ThreadSpawn {
+                parent_thread_id,
+                depth: 1,
+                agent_path: Some(agent_path),
+                agent_nickname: None,
+                agent_role: None,
+            })),
+        )
+        .await
+        .expect("test agent should spawn")
+}
+
+async fn terminate_test_agent(
+    harness: &AgentControlHarness,
+    agent_id: ThreadId,
+) -> Arc<CodexThread> {
+    let agent_thread = harness
+        .manager
+        .get_thread(agent_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("test agent should exist");
+    agent_thread
+        .submit(Op::Shutdown {})
+        .await
+        .expect("test agent shutdown should submit");
+    agent_thread.wait_until_terminated().await;
+    agent_thread
+}
+
 fn has_subagent_notification(history_items: &[ResponseItem]) -> bool {
     history_items.iter().any(|item| {
         let ResponseItem::Message { role, content, .. } = item else {
@@ -1750,6 +1790,261 @@ async fn multi_agent_v2_completion_ignores_dead_direct_parent() {
     assert!(!has_subagent_notification(&root_history_items));
 }
 
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn multi_agent_v2_direct_trigger_turn_respects_execution_limit() {
+    let harness = AgentControlHarness::new().await;
+    let mut config = harness.config.clone();
+    let _ = config.features.enable(Feature::MultiAgentV2);
+    config.multi_agent_v2.max_concurrent_threads_per_session = 2;
+    let root = harness
+        .manager
+        .start_thread(config.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("root thread should start");
+    let target_path = AgentPath::root().join("target").expect("target path");
+    let target_thread_id =
+        spawn_v2_test_agent(&harness, &config, root.thread_id, target_path.clone()).await;
+    harness
+        .control
+        .state
+        .release_execution_slot(target_thread_id);
+
+    let blocker_path = AgentPath::root().join("blocker").expect("blocker path");
+    let blocker_thread_id =
+        spawn_v2_test_agent(&harness, &config, root.thread_id, blocker_path).await;
+    let target_thread = harness
+        .manager
+        .get_thread(target_thread_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("target thread should exist");
+    target_thread
+        .submit(Op::InterAgentCommunication {
+            communication: InterAgentCommunication::new(
+                AgentPath::root(),
+                target_path,
+                Vec::new(),
+                "run when capacity is available".to_string(),
+                /*trigger_turn*/ true,
+            ),
+        })
+        .await
+        .expect("direct communication should submit");
+
+    timeout(Duration::from_secs(5), async {
+        while !target_thread
+            .codex
+            .session
+            .input_queue
+            .has_trigger_turn_mailbox_items()
+            .await
+        {
+            sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
+        }
+    })
+    .await
+    .expect("target communication should reach the mailbox");
+    assert!(!harness.control.state.is_execution_active(target_thread_id));
+    assert!(
+        target_thread
+            .codex
+            .session
+            .active_turn
+            .lock()
+            .await
+            .is_none()
+    );
+
+    harness
+        .control
+        .state
+        .release_execution_slot(blocker_thread_id);
+    target_thread
+        .codex
+        .session
+        .maybe_start_turn_for_pending_work()
+        .await;
+    assert!(harness.control.state.is_execution_active(target_thread_id));
+
+    harness
+        .control
+        .shutdown_and_forget_agent(target_thread_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("target shutdown should succeed");
+    harness
+        .control
+        .shutdown_and_forget_agent(blocker_thread_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("blocker shutdown should succeed");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn multi_agent_v2_resident_cache_evicts_and_reloads_dead_lru_agent() {
+    let harness = AgentControlHarness::new().await;
+    let mut config = harness.config.clone();
+    let _ = config.features.enable(Feature::MultiAgentV2);
+    let root = harness
+        .manager
+        .start_thread(config.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("root thread should start");
+    let protected_path = AgentPath::root().join("protected").expect("protected path");
+    let protected_thread_id =
+        spawn_v2_test_agent(&harness, &config, root.thread_id, protected_path.clone()).await;
+    harness
+        .control
+        .state
+        .release_execution_slot(protected_thread_id);
+    let protected_thread = harness
+        .manager
+        .get_thread(protected_thread_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("protected thread should exist");
+    protected_thread
+        .codex
+        .session
+        .input_queue
+        .enqueue_mailbox_communication(InterAgentCommunication::new(
+            AgentPath::root(),
+            protected_path,
+            Vec::new(),
+            "keep this resident".to_string(),
+            /*trigger_turn*/ false,
+        ))
+        .await;
+    let target_path = AgentPath::root().join("target").expect("target path");
+    let target_thread_id =
+        spawn_v2_test_agent(&harness, &config, root.thread_id, target_path.clone()).await;
+    harness
+        .control
+        .state
+        .release_execution_slot(target_thread_id);
+    let target_thread = terminate_test_agent(&harness, target_thread_id).await;
+    // Simulate a stale nonterminal status after the session channel has died.
+    let synthetic_turn = target_thread.codex.session.new_default_turn().await;
+    target_thread
+        .codex
+        .session
+        .send_event(
+            synthetic_turn.as_ref(),
+            EventMsg::TurnStarted(TurnStartedEvent {
+                turn_id: synthetic_turn.sub_id.clone(),
+                trace_id: None,
+                started_at: None,
+                model_context_window: None,
+                collaboration_mode_kind: ModeKind::Default,
+            }),
+        )
+        .await;
+
+    let resident_limit = crate::agent::residency::MIN_RESIDENT_SUBAGENTS.max(
+        config
+            .multi_agent_v2
+            .max_concurrent_threads_per_session
+            .saturating_add(4),
+    );
+    {
+        let mut residency = harness.control.residency.lock().await;
+        for _ in 2..resident_limit {
+            residency.touch(ThreadId::new());
+        }
+        assert_eq!(residency.len(), resident_limit);
+    }
+
+    let newcomer_path = AgentPath::root().join("newcomer").expect("newcomer path");
+    let newcomer_thread_id =
+        spawn_v2_test_agent(&harness, &config, root.thread_id, newcomer_path).await;
+    assert!(harness.manager.get_thread(target_thread_id).await.is_err());
+    assert!(
+        harness
+            .manager
+            .get_thread(protected_thread_id)
+            .await
+            .is_ok()
+    );
+    assert!(
+        harness
+            .control
+            .residency
+            .lock()
+            .await
+            .contains(protected_thread_id)
+    );
+    assert!(
+        !harness
+            .control
+            .residency
+            .lock()
+            .await
+            .contains(target_thread_id)
+    );
+
+    harness
+        .control
+        .send_followup_to_agent(
+            &config,
+            target_thread_id,
+            InterAgentCommunication::new(
+                AgentPath::root(),
+                target_path,
+                Vec::new(),
+                "continue after eviction".to_string(),
+                /*trigger_turn*/ true,
+            ),
+        )
+        .await
+        .expect("follow-up should reload the evicted agent");
+    assert!(harness.manager.get_thread(target_thread_id).await.is_ok());
+    assert!(
+        harness
+            .control
+            .residency
+            .lock()
+            .await
+            .contains(target_thread_id)
+    );
+
+    harness
+        .control
+        .shutdown_and_forget_agent(target_thread_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("target shutdown should succeed");
+    harness
+        .control
+        .shutdown_and_forget_agent(newcomer_thread_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("newcomer shutdown should succeed");
+    harness
+        .control
+        .shutdown_and_forget_agent(protected_thread_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("protected shutdown should succeed");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn interrupt_agent_cleans_up_dead_resident_thread() {
+    let harness = AgentControlHarness::new().await;
+    let mut config = harness.config.clone();
+    let _ = config.features.enable(Feature::MultiAgentV2);
+    let root = harness
+        .manager
+        .start_thread(config.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("root thread should start");
+    let agent_path = AgentPath::root().join("worker").expect("worker path");
+    let agent_id = spawn_v2_test_agent(&harness, &config, root.thread_id, agent_path).await;
+    terminate_test_agent(&harness, agent_id).await;
+
+    let err = harness
+        .control
+        .interrupt_agent(agent_id)
+        .await
+        .expect_err("interrupting a dead worker should report the dead channel");
+    assert_matches!(err, CodexErr::InternalAgentDied);
+    assert!(harness.manager.get_thread(agent_id).await.is_err());
+    assert!(!harness.control.residency.lock().await.contains(agent_id));
+    assert!(!harness.control.state.is_execution_active(agent_id));
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn completion_watcher_notifies_parent_when_child_is_missing() {
     let harness = AgentControlHarness::new().await;
diff --git a/codex-rs/core/src/tasks/mod.rs b/codex-rs/core/src/tasks/mod.rs
index ce03d480e0..a3b9936ca9 100644
--- a/codex-rs/core/src/tasks/mod.rs
+++ b/codex-rs/core/src/tasks/mod.rs
@@ -469,6 +469,22 @@ impl Session {
                 return;
             }
 
+            let execution_reservation = match self
+                .services
+                .agent_control
+                .reserve_execution_slot_for_pending_turn(self)
+                .await
+            {
+                Ok(reservation) => reservation,
+                Err(err) => {
+                    warn!(
+                        thread_id = %self.thread_id,
+                        "pending agent turn could not reserve an execution slot: {err}"
+                    );
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
             {
                 let mut active_turn = self.active_turn.lock().await;
                 if active_turn.is_some() {
@@ -476,6 +492,9 @@ impl Session {
                 }
                 *active_turn = Some(ActiveTurn::default());
             }
+            if let Some(execution_reservation) = execution_reservation {
+                execution_reservation.commit();
+            }
 
             let turn_context = self.new_default_turn_with_sub_id(sub_id).await;
             self.maybe_emit_unknown_model_warning_for_turn(turn_context.as_ref())